CALS
β
Conlang Atlas of Language Structures
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Consonant Inventories
Vowel Quality Inventories
Consonant-Vowel Ratio
Voicing in Plosives and Fricatives
Voicing and Gaps in Plosive Systems
Uvular Consonants
Glottalized Consonants
Lateral Consonants
The Velar Nasal
Vowel Nasalization
Front Rounded Vowels
Syllable Structure
Tone
Fixed Stress Locations
Weight-Sensitive Stress
Weight Factors in Weight-Sensitive Stress Systems
Rhythm Types
Absence of Common Consonants
Presence of Uncommon Consonants
Fusion of Selected Inflectional Formatives
Exponence of Selected Inflectional Formatives
Inflectional Synthesis of the Verb
Locus of Marking in the Clause
Locus of Marking in Possessive Noun Phrases
Locus of Marking: Whole-language Typology
Prefixing vs. Suffixing in Inflectional Morphology
Reduplication
Case Syncretism
Syncretism in Verbal Person/Number Marking
Number of Genders
Sex-based and Non-sex-based Gender Systems
Systems of Gender Assignment
Coding of Nominal Plurality
Occurrence of Nominal Plurality
Plurality in Independent Personal Pronouns
The Associative Plural
Definite Articles
Indefinite Articles
Inclusive/Exclusive Distinction in Independent Pronouns
Inclusive/Exclusive Distinction in Verbal Inflection
Distance Contrasts in Demonstratives
Pronominal and Adnominal Demonstratives
Third Person Pronouns and Demonstratives
Gender Distinctions in Independent Personal Pronouns
Politeness Distinctions in Pronouns
Indefinite Pronouns
Intensifiers and Reflexive Pronouns
Person Marking on Adpositions
Number of Cases
Asymmetrical Case-Marking
Position of Case Affixes
Comitatives and Instrumentals
Ordinal Numerals
Distributive Numerals
Numeral Classifiers
Conjunctions and Universal Quantifiers
Position of Pronominal Possessive Affixes
Obligatory Possessive Inflection
Possessive Classification
Genitives, Adjectives and Relative Clauses
Adjectives without Nouns
Action Nominal Constructions
Noun Phrase Conjunction
Nominal and Verbal Conjunction
Perfective/Imperfective Aspect
The Past Tense
The Future Tense
The Perfect
Position of Tense-Aspect Affixes
The Morphological Imperative
The Prohibitive
Imperative-Hortative Systems
The Optative
Situational Possibility
Epistemic Possibility
Overlap between Situational and Epistemic Modal Marking
Semantic Distinctions of Evidentiality
Coding of Evidentiality
Suppletion According to Tense and Aspect
Verbal Number and Suppletion
Order of Subject, Object and Verb
Order of Subject and Verb
Order of Object and Verb
Order of Object, Oblique, and Verb
Order of Adposition and Noun Phrase
Order of Genitive and Noun
Order of Adjective and Noun
Order of Demonstrative and Noun
Order of Numeral and Noun
Order of Relative Clause and Noun
Order of Degree Word and Adjective
Position of Polar Question Particles
Position of Interrogative Phrases in Content Questions
Order of Adverbial Subordinator and Clause
Relationship between the Order of Object and Verb and the Order of Adposition and Noun Phrase
Relationship between the Order of Object and Verb and the Order of Relative Clause and Noun
Relationship between the Order of Object and Verb and the Order of Adjective and Noun
Alignment of Case Marking of Full Noun Phrases
Alignment of Case Marking of Pronouns
Alignment of Verbal Person Marking
Expression of Pronominal Subjects
Verbal Person Marking
Third Person Zero of Verbal Person Marking
Order of Person Markers on the Verb
Ditransitive Constructions: The Verb 'Give'
Reciprocal Constructions
Passive Constructions
Antipassive Constructions
Applicative Constructions
Periphrastic Causative Constructions
Nonperiphrastic Causative Constructions
Negative Morphemes
Symmetric and Asymmetric Standard Negation
Subtypes of Asymmetric Standard Negation
Negative Indefinite Pronouns and Predicate Negation
Polar Questions
Predicative Possession
Predicative Adjectives
Nominal and Locational Predication
Zero Copula for Predicate Nominals
Comparative Constructions
Relativization on Subjects
Relativization on Obliques
'Want' Complement Subjects
Purpose Clauses
'When' Clauses
Reason Clauses
Utterance Complement Clauses
Hand and Arm
Finger and Hand
Numeral Bases
Number of Non-Derived Basic Colour Categories
Number of Basic Colour Categories
Green and Blue
Red and Yellow
M-T Pronouns
N-M Pronouns
Tea
Irregular Negatives in Sign Languages
Question Particles in Sign Languages
Writing Systems
Para-Linguistic Usages of Clicks
Order of Negative Morpheme and Verb
Position of Negative Morpheme With Respect to Subject, Object and Verb
Conlang type
Compare
Position of Negative Morpheme With Respect to Subject, Object and Verb
WALS
In-depth description:
Only at
WALS
Values:
Conlangs:
NegSVO
(7 languages)
SNegVO
(100 languages)
SVNegO
(27 languages)
SVONeg
(6 languages)
NegSOV
(6 languages)
SNegOV
(3 languages)
SONegV
(47 languages)
SOVNeg
(38 languages)
NegVSO
(46 languages)
VSNegO
(1 language)
VSONeg
(2 languages)
NegVOS
(6 languages)
ONegVS
(1 language)
OVNegS
(5 languages)
OSVNeg
(1 language)
More than one position
(38 languages)
OptSingleNeg
(1 language)
ObligDoubleNeg
(7 languages)
OptDoubleNeg
(9 languages)
MorphNeg
(45 languages)
Other
(31 languages)
Natlangs:
NegSVO
(1 language)
SNegVO
(22 languages)
SVNegO
(0 languages)
SVONeg
(3 languages)
NegSOV
(0 languages)
SNegOV
(3 languages)
SONegV
(9 languages)
SOVNeg
(8 languages)
NegVSO
(5 languages)
VSNegO
(0 languages)
VSONeg
(0 languages)
NegVOS
(3 languages)
ONegVS
(1 language)
OVNegS
(0 languages)
OSVNeg
(0 languages)
More than one position
(12 languages)
OptSingleNeg
(0 languages)
ObligDoubleNeg
(10 languages)
OptDoubleNeg
(8 languages)
MorphNeg
(27 languages)
Other
(9 languages)
Pygal
0
0
10
10
20
20
30
30
40
40
50
50
60
60
70
70
80
80
90
90
100
100
NegS…
NegSVO
SNeg…
SNegVO
SVNe…
SVNegO
SVON…
SVONeg
NegS…
NegSOV
SNeg…
SNegOV
SONe…
SONegV
SOVN…
SOVNeg
NegV…
NegVSO
VSNe…
VSNegO
VSON…
VSONeg
NegV…
NegVOS
ONeg…
ONegVS
OVNe…
OVNegS
OSVN…
OSVNeg
More…
More than one position
OptS…
OptSingleNeg
Obli…
ObligDoubleNeg
OptD…
OptDoubleNeg
Morp…
MorphNeg
Other
7
23.461538461538463
468.82211538461536
NegSVO
100
56.978021978021985
247.5
SNegVO
27
90.49450549450549
421.22596153846155
SVNegO
6
124.010989010989
471.2019230769231
SVONeg
6
157.5274725274725
471.2019230769231
NegSOV
3
191.04395604395606
478.3413461538462
SNegOV
47
224.56043956043956
373.62980769230774
SONegV
38
258.07692307692304
395.0480769230769
SOVNeg
46
291.59340659340666
376.00961538461536
NegVSO
1
325.1098901098901
483.10096153846155
VSNegO
2
358.6263736263736
480.7211538461538
VSONeg
6
392.1428571428572
471.2019230769231
NegVOS
1
425.65934065934067
483.10096153846155
ONegVS
5
459.1758241758242
473.5817307692308
OVNegS
1
492.6923076923077
483.10096153846155
OSVNeg
38
526.2087912087911
395.0480769230769
More than one position
1
559.7252747252746
483.10096153846155
OptSingleNeg
7
593.2417582417581
468.82211538461536
ObligDoubleNeg
9
626.7582417582418
464.0625
OptDoubleNeg
45
660.2747252747253
378.3894230769231
MorphNeg
31
693.7912087912086
411.7067307692308
Other
1
38.20879120879121
483.10096153846155
NegSVO
22
71.72527472527473
433.125
SNegVO
0
105.24175824175823
485.4807692307692
SVNegO
3
138.75824175824172
478.3413461538462
SVONeg
0
172.27472527472526
485.4807692307692
NegSOV
3
205.79120879120882
478.3413461538462
SNegOV
9
239.30769230769232
464.0625
SONegV
8
272.8241758241758
466.4423076923077
SOVNeg
5
306.3406593406594
473.5817307692308
NegVSO
0
339.85714285714283
485.4807692307692
VSNegO
0
373.37362637362634
485.4807692307692
VSONeg
3
406.89010989010995
478.3413461538462
NegVOS
1
440.4065934065934
483.10096153846155
ONegVS
0
473.9230769230769
485.4807692307692
OVNegS
0
507.4395604395604
485.4807692307692
OSVNeg
12
540.9560439560439
456.9230769230769
More than one position
0
574.4725274725274
485.4807692307692
OptSingleNeg
10
607.9890109890109
461.68269230769226
ObligDoubleNeg
8
641.5054945054945
466.4423076923077
OptDoubleNeg
27
675.021978021978
421.22596153846155
MorphNeg
9
708.5384615384614
464.0625
Other
Conlang
Natlang
