Features for Jigodu

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Phonology

Consonant Inventories WALS Average
Vowel Quality Inventories WALS Average (5-6)
Consonant-Vowel Ratio WALS Average
Voicing in Plosives and Fricatives WALS In both plosives and fricatives
Voicing and Gaps in Plosive Systems WALS Missing /g/
Uvular Consonants WALS None
Glottalized Consonants WALS Implosives only
Lateral Consonants WALS /l/, no obstruent laterals
The Velar Nasal WALS Initial velar nasal
Vowel Nasalization WALS Contrast present
Front Rounded Vowels WALS None
Syllable Structure WALS Complex
Tone WALS Complex tone system
Fixed Stress Locations WALS Initial
Weight-Sensitive Stress WALS Fixed stress
Weight Factors in Weight-Sensitive Stress Systems WALS No weight
Rhythm Types WALS Trochaic
Absence of Common Consonants WALS All present
Presence of Uncommon Consonants WALS Clicks

Morphology

Fusion of Selected Inflectional Formatives WALS Tonal/concatenative
Exponence of Selected Inflectional Formatives WALS Case + referentiality
Inflectional Synthesis of the Verb WALS 6-7 categories per word
Locus of Marking in the Clause WALS Double marking
Locus of Marking in Possessive Noun Phrases WALS Double marking
Locus of Marking: Whole-language Typology WALS Double-marking
Prefixing vs. Suffixing in Inflectional Morphology WALS Equal prefixing and suffixing
Reduplication WALS Productive full and partial reduplication
Case Syncretism WALS No syncretism
Syncretism in Verbal Person/Number Marking WALS Syncretic

Nominal Categories

Number of Genders WALS Five or more
Sex-based and Non-sex-based Gender Systems WALS Sex-based
Systems of Gender Assignment WALS Semantic
Coding of Nominal Plurality WALS Plural clitic
Occurrence of Nominal Plurality WALS Only human nouns, obligatory
Plurality in Independent Personal Pronouns WALS Person-number stem
The Associative Plural WALS Associative same as additive plural
Definite Articles WALS Demonstrative word used as definite article
Indefinite Articles WALS Indefinite word same as 'one'
Inclusive/Exclusive Distinction in Independent Pronouns WALS Inclusive/exclusive
Inclusive/Exclusive Distinction in Verbal Inflection WALS Inclusive/exclusive
Distance Contrasts in Demonstratives WALS Two-way contrast
Pronominal and Adnominal Demonstratives WALS Different inflection
Third Person Pronouns and Demonstratives WALS Related for all demonstratives
Gender Distinctions in Independent Personal Pronouns WALS 3rd person singular only
Politeness Distinctions in Pronouns WALS Binary politeness distinction
Indefinite Pronouns WALS Generic-noun-based
Intensifiers and Reflexive Pronouns WALS Identical
Person Marking on Adpositions WALS No adpositions
Number of Cases WALS 6-7 cases
Asymmetrical Case-Marking WALS Symmetrical
Position of Case Affixes WALS Case suffixes
Comitatives and Instrumentals WALS Identity
Ordinal Numerals WALS First, two-th, three-th
Distributive Numerals WALS Marked by reduplication
Numeral Classifiers WALS Obligatory
Conjunctions and Universal Quantifiers WALS Formally similar, with interrogative
Position of Pronominal Possessive Affixes WALS Possessive prefixes

Nominal Syntax

Obligatory Possessive Inflection WALS Exists
Possessive Classification WALS Three to five classes
Genitives, Adjectives and Relative Clauses WALS Genitives and adjectives collapsed
Adjectives without Nouns WALS Without marking
Action Nominal Constructions WALS Sentential
Noun Phrase Conjunction WALS 'And' identical to 'with'
Nominal and Verbal Conjunction WALS Identity

Verbal Categories

Perfective/Imperfective Aspect WALS Grammatical marking
The Past Tense WALS No past tense
The Future Tense WALS No inflectional future
The Perfect WALS Other perfect
Position of Tense-Aspect Affixes WALS Tense-aspect suffixes
The Morphological Imperative WALS No second-person imperatives
The Prohibitive WALS Special imperative + special negative
Imperative-Hortative Systems WALS Maximal system
The Optative WALS Inflectional optative absent
Situational Possibility WALS Verbal constructions
Epistemic Possibility WALS Verbal constructions
Overlap between Situational and Epistemic Modal Marking WALS Overlap for either possibility or necessity
Semantic Distinctions of Evidentiality WALS No grammatical evidentials
Coding of Evidentiality WALS No grammatical evidentials
Suppletion According to Tense and Aspect WALS Aspect
Verbal Number and Suppletion WALS None

Word Order

Order of Subject, Object and Verb WALS VSO
Order of Subject and Verb WALS VS
Order of Object and Verb WALS VO
Order of Object, Oblique, and Verb WALS VOX
Order of Adposition and Noun Phrase WALS No adpositions
Order of Genitive and Noun WALS Noun-Genitive
Order of Adjective and Noun WALS Noun-Adjective
Order of Demonstrative and Noun WALS Noun-Demonstrative
Order of Numeral and Noun WALS Numeral-Noun
Order of Relative Clause and Noun WALS Noun-Relative clause
Order of Degree Word and Adjective WALS Adjective-Degree word
Position of Polar Question Particles WALS Final
Position of Interrogative Phrases in Content Questions WALS Mixed
Order of Adverbial Subordinator and Clause WALS Mixed
Relationship between the Order of Object and Verb and the Order of Adposition and Noun Phrase WALS VO and Prepositions
Relationship between the Order of Object and Verb and the Order of Relative Clause and Noun WALS VO and NRel
Relationship between the Order of Object and Verb and the Order of Adjective and Noun WALS VO and NAdj
Order of Negative Morpheme and Verb WALS Type 2 / Type 3
Position of Negative Morpheme With Respect to Subject, Object and Verb WALS VSONeg

Simple Clauses

Alignment of Case Marking of Full Noun Phrases WALS Ergative - absolutive
Alignment of Case Marking of Pronouns WALS Ergative - absolutive
Alignment of Verbal Person Marking WALS Accusative
Expression of Pronominal Subjects WALS Subject clitics on variable host
Verbal Person Marking WALS Both the A and P arguments
Third Person Zero of Verbal Person Marking WALS No zero realization
Order of Person Markers on the Verb WALS A precedes P
Ditransitive Constructions: The Verb 'Give' WALS Secondary-object construction
Reciprocal Constructions WALS Distinct from reflexive
Passive Constructions WALS Absent
Antipassive Constructions WALS Oblique patient
Applicative Constructions WALS Benefactive and other; both bases
Periphrastic Causative Constructions WALS Sequential but no purposive
Nonperiphrastic Causative Constructions WALS Both
Negative Morphemes WALS Negative auxiliary verb
Symmetric and Asymmetric Standard Negation WALS Symmetric
Negative Indefinite Pronouns and Predicate Negation WALS Predicate negation also present
Polar Questions WALS Question particle
Predicative Possession WALS Conjunctional
Predicative Adjectives WALS Nonverbal encoding
Nominal and Locational Predication WALS Identical
Zero Copula for Predicate Nominals WALS Possible
Comparative Constructions WALS Exceed

Complex Sentences

Relativization on Subjects WALS Gap
Relativization on Obliques WALS Gap
'Want' Complement Subjects WALS Subject is left implicit
Purpose Clauses WALS Deranked
'When' Clauses WALS Balanced/deranked
Reason Clauses WALS Balanced/deranked
Utterance Complement Clauses WALS Balanced/deranked

Lexicon

Hand and Arm WALS Identical
Finger and Hand WALS Different
Numeral Bases WALS Hybrid vigesimal-decimal
Number of Non-Derived Basic Colour Categories WALS 5
Number of Basic Colour Categories WALS 11
Green and Blue WALS Green/blue
Red and Yellow WALS Red vs. yellow
M-T Pronouns WALS No M-T pronouns
N-M Pronouns WALS No N-M pronouns
Tea WALS Words derived from Sinitic cha

Other

Writing Systems WALS Mixed logographic–syllabic
Para-Linguistic Usages of Clicks WALS Logical meanings

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