CALS: Language: Tiwi

Features for Tiwi

This language is cloned from WALS. If you need to cite or disagree with any data on this language, you will have to do so at WALS, not here.

Consonant Inventories ^WALS	Average
Vowel Quality Inventories ^WALS	Small (2-4)
Consonant-Vowel Ratio ^WALS	Moderately high
Voicing in Plosives and Fricatives ^WALS	No voicing constrast
Voicing and Gaps in Plosive Systems ^WALS	Other
Uvular Consonants ^WALS	None
Glottalized Consonants ^WALS	No glottalized consonants
Lateral Consonants ^WALS	/l/, no obstruent laterals
The Velar Nasal ^WALS	Initial velar nasal
Vowel Nasalization ^WALS	Contrast absent
Front Rounded Vowels ^WALS	None
Syllable Structure ^WALS	Moderately complex
Tone ^WALS	No tones
Fixed Stress Locations ^WALS	Penultimate
Weight-Sensitive Stress ^WALS	Fixed stress
Weight Factors in Weight-Sensitive Stress Systems ^WALS	No weight
Rhythm Types ^WALS	Trochaic
Absence of Common Consonants ^WALS	All present
Presence of Uncommon Consonants ^WALS	None

Fusion of Selected Inflectional Formatives ^WALS	Exclusively concatenative
Exponence of Selected Inflectional Formatives ^WALS	No case
Inflectional Synthesis of the Verb ^WALS	4-5 categories per word
Locus of Marking in the Clause ^WALS	Head marking
Locus of Marking in Possessive Noun Phrases ^WALS	No marking
Locus of Marking: Whole-language Typology ^WALS	Inconsistent or other
Prefixing vs. Suffixing in Inflectional Morphology ^WALS	Strong prefixing
Reduplication ^WALS	Productive full and partial reduplication
Case Syncretism ^WALS	No case marking
Syncretism in Verbal Person/Number Marking ^WALS	Syncretic

Number of Genders ^WALS	Two
Sex-based and Non-sex-based Gender Systems ^WALS	Sex-based
Systems of Gender Assignment ^WALS	Semantic
Coding of Nominal Plurality ^WALS	Plural suffix
Occurrence of Nominal Plurality ^WALS	Only human nouns, obligatory
Plurality in Independent Personal Pronouns ^WALS	Person-number stem
Definite Articles ^WALS	No definite or indefinite article
Indefinite Articles ^WALS	No definite or indefinite article
Inclusive/Exclusive Distinction in Independent Pronouns ^WALS	Inclusive/exclusive
Inclusive/Exclusive Distinction in Verbal Inflection ^WALS	Inclusive/exclusive
Distance Contrasts in Demonstratives ^WALS	Two-way contrast
Pronominal and Adnominal Demonstratives ^WALS	Identical
Gender Distinctions in Independent Personal Pronouns ^WALS	3rd person singular only
Politeness Distinctions in Pronouns ^WALS	No politeness distinction
Indefinite Pronouns ^WALS	Interrogative-based
Intensifiers and Reflexive Pronouns ^WALS	Identical
Person Marking on Adpositions ^WALS	No person marking
Number of Cases ^WALS	No morphological case-marking
Asymmetrical Case-Marking ^WALS	No case-marking
Position of Case Affixes ^WALS	No case affixes or adpositional clitics
Ordinal Numerals ^WALS	None
Distributive Numerals ^WALS	Marked by suffix
Numeral Classifiers ^WALS	Absent
Conjunctions and Universal Quantifiers ^WALS	Formally different
Position of Pronominal Possessive Affixes ^WALS	No possessive affixes

Obligatory Possessive Inflection ^WALS	Exists
Possessive Classification ^WALS	Two classes
Genitives, Adjectives and Relative Clauses ^WALS	Highly differentiated
Adjectives without Nouns ^WALS	Without marking
Noun Phrase Conjunction ^WALS	'And' different from 'with'
Nominal and Verbal Conjunction ^WALS	Both expressed by juxtaposition

Perfective/Imperfective Aspect ^WALS	No grammatical marking
The Past Tense ^WALS	Present, no remoteness distinctions
The Future Tense ^WALS	Inflectional future exists
The Perfect ^WALS	No perfect
Position of Tense-Aspect Affixes ^WALS	Tense-aspect prefixes
The Morphological Imperative ^WALS	Second singular and second plural
The Prohibitive ^WALS	Special imperative + special negative
Imperative-Hortative Systems ^WALS	Neither type of system
The Optative ^WALS	Inflectional optative absent
Epistemic Possibility ^WALS	Affixes on verbs
Semantic Distinctions of Evidentiality ^WALS	No grammatical evidentials
Coding of Evidentiality ^WALS	No grammatical evidentials
Suppletion According to Tense and Aspect ^WALS	None
Verbal Number and Suppletion ^WALS	None

Order of Subject, Object and Verb ^WALS	SVO
Order of Subject and Verb ^WALS	SV
Order of Object and Verb ^WALS	VO
Order of Object, Oblique, and Verb ^WALS	VOX
Order of Adposition and Noun Phrase ^WALS	Prepositions
Order of Genitive and Noun ^WALS	Genitive-Noun
Order of Adjective and Noun ^WALS	Adjective-Noun
Order of Demonstrative and Noun ^WALS	Demonstrative-Noun
Order of Numeral and Noun ^WALS	Numeral-Noun
Order of Relative Clause and Noun ^WALS	Noun-Relative clause
Position of Polar Question Particles ^WALS	Final
Position of Interrogative Phrases in Content Questions ^WALS	Mixed
Order of Adverbial Subordinator and Clause ^WALS	Initial subordinator word
Relationship between the Order of Object and Verb and the Order of Adposition and Noun Phrase ^WALS	VO and Prepositions
Relationship between the Order of Object and Verb and the Order of Relative Clause and Noun ^WALS	VO and NRel
Relationship between the Order of Object and Verb and the Order of Adjective and Noun ^WALS	VO and AdjN
Order of Negative Morpheme and Verb ^WALS	NegV
Position of Negative Morpheme With Respect to Subject, Object and Verb ^WALS	SNegVO

Alignment of Case Marking of Full Noun Phrases ^WALS	Neutral
Alignment of Case Marking of Pronouns ^WALS	Neutral
Alignment of Verbal Person Marking ^WALS	Accusative
Expression of Pronominal Subjects ^WALS	Subject affixes on verb
Verbal Person Marking ^WALS	Both the A and P arguments
Third Person Zero of Verbal Person Marking ^WALS	No zero realization
Order of Person Markers on the Verb ^WALS	Both orders of A and P occur
Ditransitive Constructions: The Verb 'Give' ^WALS	Secondary-object construction
Reciprocal Constructions ^WALS	Distinct from reflexive
Passive Constructions ^WALS	Absent
Antipassive Constructions ^WALS	No antipassive
Applicative Constructions ^WALS	Non-benefactive object; both bases
Nonperiphrastic Causative Constructions ^WALS	Morphological but no compound
Negative Morphemes ^WALS	Negative particle
Symmetric and Asymmetric Standard Negation ^WALS	Both
Subtypes of Asymmetric Standard Negation ^WALS	A/NonReal
Negative Indefinite Pronouns and Predicate Negation ^WALS	No predicate negation
Polar Questions ^WALS	Question particle
Predicative Possession ^WALS	Topic
Predicative Adjectives ^WALS	Nonverbal encoding
Nominal and Locational Predication ^WALS	Different
Zero Copula for Predicate Nominals ^WALS	Possible

'When' Clauses ^WALS	Balanced
Reason Clauses ^WALS	Balanced

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