Features for Wichita

This language is cloned from WALS. If you need to cite or disagree with any data on this language, you will have to do so at WALS, not here.

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Phonology

Consonant Inventories WALS Average
Vowel Quality Inventories WALS Small (2-4)
Consonant-Vowel Ratio WALS High
Voicing in Plosives and Fricatives WALS No voicing constrast
Voicing and Gaps in Plosive Systems WALS Other
Uvular Consonants WALS None
Glottalized Consonants WALS Ejectives and glottalized resonants
Lateral Consonants WALS No laterals
The Velar Nasal WALS No velar nasal
Vowel Nasalization WALS Contrast absent
Front Rounded Vowels WALS None
Tone WALS No tones
Fixed Stress Locations WALS No fixed stress
Weight-Sensitive Stress WALS Unbounded: Stress can be anywhere
Weight Factors in Weight-Sensitive Stress Systems WALS Prominence
Rhythm Types WALS Dual: both trochaic and iambic
Absence of Common Consonants WALS No bilabials
Presence of Uncommon Consonants WALS None

Morphology

Fusion of Selected Inflectional Formatives WALS Exclusively concatenative
Exponence of Selected Inflectional Formatives WALS Monoexponential case
Inflectional Synthesis of the Verb WALS 12-13 categories per word
Locus of Marking in the Clause WALS Head marking
Locus of Marking in Possessive Noun Phrases WALS Head marking
Locus of Marking: Whole-language Typology WALS Head-marking
Prefixing vs. Suffixing in Inflectional Morphology WALS Weakly prefixing
Reduplication WALS No productive reduplication
Case Syncretism WALS No case marking
Syncretism in Verbal Person/Number Marking WALS Not syncretic

Nominal Categories

Number of Genders WALS None
Sex-based and Non-sex-based Gender Systems WALS No gender
Systems of Gender Assignment WALS No gender
Coding of Nominal Plurality WALS No plural
Plurality in Independent Personal Pronouns WALS Person-number affixes
The Associative Plural WALS No associative plural
Inclusive/Exclusive Distinction in Independent Pronouns WALS Inclusive/exclusive
Inclusive/Exclusive Distinction in Verbal Inflection WALS Only inclusive
Distance Contrasts in Demonstratives WALS Two-way contrast
Pronominal and Adnominal Demonstratives WALS Identical
Third Person Pronouns and Demonstratives WALS Unrelated
Gender Distinctions in Independent Personal Pronouns WALS No gender distinctions
Politeness Distinctions in Pronouns WALS No politeness distinction
Indefinite Pronouns WALS Interrogative-based
Intensifiers and Reflexive Pronouns WALS Differentiated
Person Marking on Adpositions WALS No adpositions
Number of Cases WALS Exclusively borderline case-marking
Asymmetrical Case-Marking WALS Symmetrical
Position of Case Affixes WALS Case suffixes
Position of Pronominal Possessive Affixes WALS Possessive prefixes

Nominal Syntax

Obligatory Possessive Inflection WALS Absent
Possessive Classification WALS No possessive classification
Action Nominal Constructions WALS No action nominals

Verbal Categories

Perfective/Imperfective Aspect WALS Grammatical marking
The Past Tense WALS No past tense
The Future Tense WALS Inflectional future exists
The Perfect WALS No perfect
Position of Tense-Aspect Affixes WALS Mixed type
The Morphological Imperative WALS Second singular and second plural
The Prohibitive WALS Normal imperative + normal negative
The Optative WALS Inflectional optative present
Situational Possibility WALS Verbal constructions
Semantic Distinctions of Evidentiality WALS Indirect only
Coding of Evidentiality WALS Verbal affix or clitic
Suppletion According to Tense and Aspect WALS Aspect
Verbal Number and Suppletion WALS Singular-dual-plural triples, no suppletion

Word Order

Order of Subject, Object and Verb WALS No dominant order
Order of Subject and Verb WALS No dominant order
Order of Object and Verb WALS OV
Order of Object, Oblique, and Verb WALS No dominant order
Order of Adposition and Noun Phrase WALS No adpositions
Order of Adjective and Noun WALS Noun-Adjective
Order of Demonstrative and Noun WALS Demonstrative-Noun
Order of Numeral and Noun WALS Numeral-Noun
Order of Relative Clause and Noun WALS Noun-Relative clause
Order of Adverbial Subordinator and Clause WALS Initial subordinator word
Relationship between the Order of Object and Verb and the Order of Relative Clause and Noun WALS OV and NRel
Relationship between the Order of Object and Verb and the Order of Adjective and Noun WALS OV and NAdj
Order of Negative Morpheme and Verb WALS NegV
Position of Negative Morpheme With Respect to Subject, Object and Verb WALS More than one position

Simple Clauses

Alignment of Case Marking of Full Noun Phrases WALS Neutral
Alignment of Case Marking of Pronouns WALS None
Alignment of Verbal Person Marking WALS Active
Expression of Pronominal Subjects WALS Subject affixes on verb
Verbal Person Marking WALS Both the A and P arguments
Third Person Zero of Verbal Person Marking WALS Zero in all 3rd person forms
Order of Person Markers on the Verb WALS A precedes P
Reciprocal Constructions WALS No reciprocals
Passive Constructions WALS Absent
Antipassive Constructions WALS No antipassive
Applicative Constructions WALS Benefactive and other; both bases
Periphrastic Causative Constructions WALS Purposive but no sequential
Nonperiphrastic Causative Constructions WALS Morphological but no compound
Negative Morphemes WALS Negative particle
Symmetric and Asymmetric Standard Negation WALS Both
Subtypes of Asymmetric Standard Negation WALS A/Cat
Polar Questions WALS Question particle
Predicative Possession WALS Locational
Predicative Adjectives WALS Mixed
Nominal and Locational Predication WALS Identical
Zero Copula for Predicate Nominals WALS Impossible

Complex Sentences

Relativization on Subjects WALS Gap

Lexicon

Hand and Arm WALS Different
Finger and Hand WALS Different
M-T Pronouns WALS No M-T pronouns
N-M Pronouns WALS No N-M pronouns

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