CALS_βConlang Atlas of Language Structures

Ö jaðe rååsjtaþe ðiate harevåð.

All your demands will be met.

Вшӣ луде̄ уроде̄њи сӧ ваљњи и рувњи в годдыњи и правах. Сӧ оњи обдарењи рөзумем и сөмве̄њем и повинњи трактовач вобец се̄бе̄ в духу братерства. Všji ludje urodjeńi sǫ vaľńi i ruvńi v goddyńi i pravax. Sǫ ońi obdareńi rózumem i sómvjeńem i povinńi traktovać vobec sjebje v duxu braterstva.

All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood.

Ịm ạvja? Dạ, ẹ̀d ị.

[ʔím ʔáβʲa dá ʔɛ́d ʔí]
ịm ạvja | dạ ẹ̀d ị
Q pencil | no window be.3SG

Is it a pencil? No, it is a window.

Rayas tivose dodi giriyun

rayas tivo   -s   -e   dod      -i    giryo -yun
each  demand -NMZ -ABS 2SG.MASC -POSS give  -FUT.3SG

All your demands will be met.

Kong diyzen? Tia, angainat stuwn.

INT  DIM -coal || NEG | window   COP.PRS.3SG
kong di  -izen || tia | angainat stuwn

Is it a pencil? No, it is a window.

Angechi t'anakh, tia hoda khetkaihun.

angai -chi t'ana -kh          | tia hoda    khait -kai  -hun
glass -ABS eat   -PRS.SJV.1SG | NEG 1SG.ABS pain  -CAUS -PRS.3SG

I can eat glass, it does not hurt me.

"Argéji otịje" Jadqádi qagótikoi lamywáohon argéji otịje sịmin nivtvalí. Argéji otịjed laqveláo nẹ katáo: "Áe! Im nị argéji otịje ỵ?" Argéji otịje lakatí: "Stẹ, sị argéji otịje táo." Sị otịjemin laháshènáo: "Tẹ̀n ịm gwịt nịtu njikiáraona sètkaté?" Argéji otịje lahajluví: "Amị, sị styrsenési argéji otịje táo." Árkusein otịjesa mótik lahédao, emé, kụnyd áwa kịhwo lahèratáo. Sèváe argéji otịjed sètdqènáo.

"The Talking Rock" Yesterday I was walking along the beach when I tripped over a rock that could talk. I picked up the talking rock and said, "Hey! Are you a talking rock?" The talking rock said, "Yes, I am a talking rock." I asked the talking rock, "Why didn't you tell me to avoid you?" The talking rock replied, "Because I'm a mean talking rock." The talking rock's words made me angry, so I threw it into the ocean. I never saw the talking rock again.

lèse jadqádi lalojáogah Kárylem Dqék kjạ.

The boys whom I saw yesterday were Karl and Jake

ịdlaka ajụne sètị.

The apple is not red.

ihịnmin vẹ̀d qutètèáo.

I must give it to him.

vèd Dqánmin tètèí.

He gives it to John.

ihịnmin ịnlakad tètèó. ihịnmin ịnlakad tètê.

We give him the apple.

Dqánmin ịnlakad tètèáo.

I give John the apple.

vẹ̀ ịnla Dqánsa ị.

[βɛ́ ʔínlá ɟânzà ʔí]
vẹ̀ ịnla Dqán-sa ị
3S.INAN.VIS apple John-GEN be.3SG

It is John’s apple.

ịnlaka ajụne ị.

The apple is red.

qịmin vẹ̀d kètètèáo.

I want to give it to her.

ajá

bye

bye $

harmekáowan dáo.

I think, therefore I am

Viû U, Xuá U Dinì Bo

I think, therefore I am

Śôn cig ziṛa ļêm, vadṛêg zi.

śôn cig zi-ṛa ļêm va-dṛêg zi
can eat I-ERG glass not-hurt I-(ABS)

I can eat glass, it does not hurt me.

Gav bölga zalxêbin zii.

gav bölga zal-xêb-in zi-i
fill eel-(ABS) hover-vehicle-DAT I-GEN

My hovercraft is full of eels.

Têz yêźriag rêlta margai Ṛŭnma źana gṛamŏt muğa Virṛa mav pôṛ ļôn xaṛ łômôṛ Sôṛa bêzlu ṛemag tiṛi?

têz yêź-ri-ag rêl-ta marga-i
speak brave-do-VN-(ABS) birdsong-INST starling-GEN

ṛŭn-ma źana gṛam-ŏt muğ-a
wash-ERG.REFL heron rain-INST morning-GEN

vir-ṛa mav pôṛ ļôn xaṛ łôm-ôṛ
lark-ERG admire star sacred at night-dark

sô-ṛa bêz-lu ṛem-ag tiṛ-i?
who?-ERG perceive-DIR.OBS true-VN.ABS bird-GEN

The song of the starlings speaks of heroic deeds In the morning rain the heron does its laundry In the night the lark worships the stars Who sees the true nature of birds?

Daz swigadta düļed mêv stônvam nŏ zêś.

daz swig-ad-ta dü-ļed mêv stôn-vam nŏ zêś
sleep angry-ness-INSTR some-CLASS color-less that green

Colorless green ideas sleep furiously.

(Lô ü) lô hé (gÿ chî) pavû zù o.

(lô û  ) lô hé  (gÿ chî) pavû hÿ  o
(3A TOP) 3A DAT (3I ACC) give FUT AFF

She will give it to him.

(Lô ü) lô hé (gÿ chî) pavû o.

(lô û  ) lô hé  (gÿ chî) pavû o
(3A TOP) 3A DAT (3I ACC) give AFF

She gives it to him.

(Shè ü) lô hé (gÿ chî) pavû üshŷ o.

(shè û  ) lô hé  (gÿ chî) pavû üshŷ o
(1   TOP) 3A DAT (3I ACC) give want AFF

I want to give it to her.

Lö û Chönê hé pavû o.

lô û   Chônê hé  pavû o
3A TOP John  DAT give AFF

He gives it to John.

Gòde vê dúvê, $ â!

gòde  vê  dúvê  $ â
agapé IMP peace $ VOC

bye $

Ζέμος έσσι ϝαίλος πεῖς γάβετι σένιους, κλάμιους, άπε ιὸγκαμιους Ζέμος έσσι κρωύδι λὺγκης γρε πίδ τούμιτι νέπε Ζέμος έσσι ζῆρος βέκος άπε βρεῖκος κρούος Άπε οὺτος προσὶμου τού χλέγγοντε ϝέσρακι μόγε, δανσί κυι δούμνον Οὺτος σεῦλον τωύ μῆτιρας χο δρίχητετι γρε σνίς Άπε βλῆτοι βλῆζιζητεντι αυ τωύ κᾶξμανον.

winter-NOM.SG COP.PRES.3SG wolf-NOM.SG Q.M take-PRES.3SG old-NZ-ACC.PL sick-NZ-ACC.PL and young-SUP-NZ-ACC.PL

winter-NOM.SG COP.PRES.3SG hard-N.NOM.SG.DEF rock-NOM.SG on Q.N grow-PRES.3SG INDEF.NEG

winter-NOM.SG COP.PRES.3SG cruel-M.NOM.SG.DEF beak-NOM.SG and sharp-M.NOM.SG.DEF talon-NOM.SG

and so beg-PRES.1PL 2SG jump-PRES.PTCP-M.VOC.SG.DEF spring-GEN.SG boy-VOC.SG dance-IMP.2SG over world-ACC.SG

so sun-NOM.SG 2SG.POSS mother-NOM.SG down look.FUT-FUT.IPFV.3SG on 1PL

and flower-NOM.PL spring-FUT.IPFV.3PL from 2SG.POSS step-GEN.PL

Winter is the wolf that takes the old, the sick, and the very young Winter is the hard rock on which nothing grows Winter is the cruel beak and the sharp talon And so we beg you, bounding boy of spring, dance over the earth So that the sun your mother will look down upon us And flowers will spring from your footsteps.

Íúnen l'aújdiyem tsadix āhñ'ihey ez' nivíl, hid, có có Íún' l'aújdiyem xeu xeu āhumiūjiý xen' Íúnen l'aújdiyem xaucla maceive tocej toc C'ez uc' soceuax euax, cuoj cē l'aújon náldi, āhcuñ'alai muj eý C'ez uc' coruc'zi cormuz tumyan, hab hej C'ez uc' iymiūj n'ehx ez'e cozriy xenuz.

COP.CL1>CL4 dry_season tiger REL-CL4>CL2-take NZ.CL2 old sick young young

COP.CL1>CL5 dry_season rock hard REL-CL5>CL5-grow-PASS none

COP.CL1>CL3 dry_season beak cruel talon sharp

RES SUBJ 1>2-ask ask VOC boy wet_season ready_to_harvest REL-2>CL5-dance land at

RES SUBJ 2>1-look 2>1-fall sun mother 2.INAL

RES SUBJ CL3>CL3-grow flower NZ 2>2-step from

Winter is the wolf that takes the old, the sick, and the very young Winter is the hard rock on which nothing grows Winter is the cruel beak and the sharp talon And so we beg you, bounding boy of spring, dance over the earth So that the sun your mother will look down upon us And flowers will spring from your footsteps.

Οσυμανδύης Σὰντροσες τονήζοσες, τρούξηκοσες χρίχτος λέγετι, ζῶ αγκρούντϝος, Άπε κρίξητιος ϝεύλος, άπε ώγρι ντὲλϝονι γυγνϝός, Ϝεῖδοντι ζῶν σνάδιος δάγης γρίσψι σίνδης ποινὴς, Πεῖς δῆνοντι ὲσκε, βάσσης γρε σίνδον ανὰνζον ρέντον, Χλῆμης πεῖς ρὸγκτ εῖς, άπε κρίζι πίδ έστ: Άπε γρε πιεδεστάλι σίνδοι γῆροι ϝέλοντο: „Μοί άγμαν έσσι Οσυμανδύης, Ρῖγον Ρῖξ. Δρέκετις μοί σαίτρι Κὸντηκιοι, άπε ζιαλὶτις!” Νέπε αῦρε άνατι. Αμβι μέτι Σό Μῆραμι Βράκι, αγκάχτι άπε μαίλι, Νῆνοι άπε κωὺρις τράχτοι πλέσοι σῖνιντι.

Ozymandias

half-M.NOM.SG.INDEF sink-MPASS.PST.IPFV.PTCP-M.NOM.SG.INDEF broken-M.NOM.SG.INDEF visage-NOM.SG lie-PRES.3SG 3SG.POSS frown-GER-NOM.SG

and wrinkle-MPASS.PRES.PTCP-M.NOM.SG.DEF lip-NOM.SG and cold-M.GEN.SG.DEF command-GER-GEN.SG sneer-GER-NOM.SG

tell-PRES.3PL 3SG.N.POSS sculpt-AG-NOM.SG good-F.ACC.PL.DEF read-MPASS.PST.PFV.PRES.PTCP-M.GEN.SG.DEF DEM.PL-F.ACC.PL.DEF torment-ACC.PL

Q.F survive-PRES.3PL yet stamp-MPASS.PRES.PTCP-F.ACC.PL.DEF on DEM.PL-F.GEN.PL.DEF NEG-life-GEN.PL thing-GEN.PL

hand-GEN.SG Q.F mock-PST.PFV.3SG and heart-GEN.SG Q.N eat-PST.PFV.3SG

and on pedestal-GEN.SG DEM.PL-M.NOM.PL.DEF word-NOM.PL appear-MPASS.PRES.3PL

1SG.POSS name-NOM.SG COP.PRES.3SG Ozymandias-NOM.SG king-GEN.PL king-NOM.SG

look-IMP.2PL 1SG.POSS work-GEN.SG mighty-NZ-VOC.PL and despair-IMP.2PL

INDEF.NEG beside remain-PRES.3SG around decay-GEN.SG

DEM big-SUP.N.GEN.SG.DEF wreck-GEN.SG boundless-N.GEN.SG.DEF and bare-N.GEN.SG.DEF

lone-M.NOM.PL.DEF and level-M.NOM.PL.DEF sand-NOM.PL far-M.NOM.PL.DEF stretch-PRES.3PL

Ozymandias Half sunk, a shattered visage lies, whose frown And wrinkled lip, and sneer of cold command Tell that its sculptor well those passions read Which yet survive, stamped on these lifeless things, The hand that mocked them and the heart that fed. And on the pedestal these words appear: “My name is Ozymandias, king of kings: Look on my works, ye Mighty, and despair!” Nothing beside remains. Round the decay Of that colossal wreck, boundless and bare The lone and level sands stretch far away.

Uzimandias Univi tsa, ueylac ez'e uc' xíne, uxauc ez'e húyi, Ūño julei, ez'e uc'zi yan' xīd', Āhuxañ'c'oi c'an sixue jál xaucñ'a, Ji āhulaz, umerieyj jál xad curad, Reú āhnulēl, ehc' āhnuú: Iyuc'iý xuaylac eý jál xañ'íl': "Secxauc' Uzimandias, Yauñ' Yañ'ou. Cozuc'zi n'eíd' en cuoj ez' Etn', c'ez cozjensutxz'i!" Uūts ne xen'. Uabc'ab cod' ne Jál Jaiñad Éá, xenuym'en diz, Moñ joti atseylac xen'e.

Ozymandias

CL5>CL5-sink half CL5>CL5-stand NZ see shatter CL5>CL5-tell NZ grimace

lip wrinkle NZ look command severe

REL-CL5>CL5-read high_quality sculptor DEM writing_material

CONT REL-CL5>CL5-survive CL5>CL5-press DEM thing dead

hand REL-CL3>CL5-laugh human_heart REL-CL3>CL5-eat

CL3>CL3-see-PASS platform at DEM word.PL

1>1-call Ozymandias king king.PL

2>2-look craft 1.AL VOC NZ.CL2 mighty RES 2>2-despair

CL5>CL5-remain with none CL5>CL5-stretch corpse with

DEM wreck huge bottomless empty

sand alone even far_from

Ozymandias Half sunk, a shattered visage lies, whose frown And wrinkled lip, and sneer of cold command Tell that its sculptor well those passions read Which yet survive, stamped on these lifeless things, The hand that mocked them and the heart that fed. And on the pedestal these words appear: “My name is Ozymandias, king of kings: Look on my works, ye Mighty, and despair!” Nothing beside remains. Round the decay Of that colossal wreck, boundless and bare The lone and level sands stretch far away.

Úxeylaciý ñe dih ax yan' āhañ'ñéi ñéi auzil añ'úaxiý cayul' úd' hel. Muzarjiz'i heit xil eý dih, í hansaumuý hancaru hanpfucin yan' r'um'ian hel. Ýeu hez'i heit dih muzarji réuai z'aihiandiz suc'an āhñ'ihxec yan' āl ez'e ñ'ihtabl'áxiý eý. Haneuax euax hanuriý cudix hé xen'e dih yan', c'ez ñ'ihnoc'uj yan', "Cuurzi ez'e cozjí, í jaj corlec' cual úu ai hej coi āhiylau jál cur'bet. C'en soccoxiatxeriý coxiatxeriý nez secñ'eñxer c'uád jál r'um'ian xajuý xen'."

CL5>CL4-stand-PASS house farmer ERG.CL4 snake REL-CL4>CL4-enter enter table CL4>CL4-feed-PASS scrap food CL3.INSTR

wealth-VZ back short_time at farmer but CL2>CL4-anger-PASS CL2>CL4-try CL2>CL4-attack snake axe CL3.INSTR

lose ADVZ back farmer wealth realize CL2>CL1-bear_fruit luck REL-CL4>CL2-give snake face NZ CL4>CL2-harm-PASS at

CL2>CL4-ask ask CL2>CL4-forgive-PASS evil CL2.INAL away farmer snake RES CL4>CL2-reply snake 2>CL5-regret NZ 2>2-do but PROH 2>1-expect as friend loyal 2.INAL TERM REL-CL3>CL3-heal DEM scar

NEG.ABIL 1>2-compensate-PASS compensate-PASS NEG.RES 1>1-be_in_mind thought DEM axe treacherous none

In the house of a certain farmer there lived a snake who regularly came to the table and was fed on scraps of food. Not long afterwards the farmer grew rich, but then he became angry at the snake and tried to attack him with an axe. The farmer then lost his wealth and he realized that he had prospered because of the good luck he had gained from the snake before having wounded him. The farmer then begged the snake to forgive him for his evil deed, and the snake replied, "You are sorry for what you have done, but you must not expect me to be your faithful friend until this scar heals. It is not possible for me to be truly reconciled to you until all thought of that treacherous axe has left my mind."

Úxeylaciý ñe dih ax yan' āhañ'ñéi ñéi auzil añ'úaxiý cayul' úd' hel. Muzarjiz'i heit xil eý dih, í hansaumuý hancaru hanpfucin yan' r'um'ian hel. Ýeu hez'i heit dih muzarji réuai z'aihiandiz suc'an āhñ'ihxec yan' āl ez'e ñ'ihtabl'áxiý eý. Haneuax euax hanuriý cudix hé xen'e dih yan', c'ez ñ'ihnoc'uj yan', "Cuurzi ez'e cozjí, í jaj corlec' cual úu ai hej coi āhiylau jál cur'bet. C'en soccoxiatxeriý coxiatxeriý nez secñ'eñxer c'uád jál r'um'ian xajuý xen'."

CL5>CL4-stand-PASS house farmer ERG.CL4 snake REL-CL4>CL4-enter enter table CL4>CL4-feed-PASS scrap food CL3.INSTR

wealth-VZ back short_time at farmer but CL2>CL4-anger-PASS CL2>CL4-try CL2>CL4-attack snake axe CL3.INSTR

lose ADVZ back farmer wealth realize CL2>CL1-bear_fruit luck REL-CL4>CL2-give snake face NZ CL4>CL2-harm-PASS at

CL2>CL4-ask ask CL2>CL4-forgive-PASS evil CL2.INAL away farmer snake RES CL4>CL2-reply snake 2>CL5-regret NZ 2>2-do but PROH 2>1-expect as friend loyal 2.INAL TERM REL-CL3>CL3-heal DEM scar

NEG.ABIL 1>2-compensate-PASS compensate-PASS NEG.RES 1>1-be_in_mind thought DEM axe treacherous none

In the house of a certain farmer there lived a snake who regularly came to the table and was fed on scraps of food. Not long afterwards the farmer grew rich, but then he became angry at the snake and tried to attack him with an axe. The farmer then lost his wealth and he realized that he had prospered because of the good luck he had gained from the snake before having wounded him. The farmer then begged the snake to forgive him for his evil deed, and the snake replied, "You are sorry for what you have done, but you must not expect me to be your faithful friend until this scar heals. It is not possible for me to be truly reconciled to you until all thought of that treacherous axe has left my mind."

$ o visni órialneron!

bye $

Pisvolnaraf, ricaf

I think, therefore I am

Elc ihenac poarnes vanaros.

All your demands will be met.

Yon'm susill toh kless.

Yon'm susill toh kless.

It is John’s apple.

Koll-yan?

Koll-yan?

Yes?

Maarii

Maarii

Mary

Na zwey nan lagan na zwey nan wawa na-ke ros kless'ae. Na nerdyos'ae toh, slau thiddarii zwey nes-frith, yakko kosill'ae susirii kless marii Sinar lansil, na naias yakko lansil. na wawa'ae vo nan-lanmar lansil, thidda vo, anhur la lasu'ae noye, na kynrialt tolil riialt, na su'ae noyerao vo noye, na su'ae fawmalt vo lasufawm lansil. na wawa'ae, thidda vo, anhur la lasu'ae hliarii na hliar, husu tyir thidu vo frith-hlar selk, na anhur la lasu la yaasne ithselk kathar netha solu marii zwey na-ke U'marii la kless. na thidda'ae naav vo laisen hliarii na hliar kless'ae Frith, yakko rulil zwey lan lasu. na wawa'ae Frith, laisen, U'lalan kless nan, na sula na-ke nan lagan lansil, na yekka iithran vo naa lansil, na blao-naa zo-na-lan ithidda kless'ii zwey'ae lansil, kless lasuru naa'ii sula'ae lansil. thidda'ae vo, hliar la thidda naav, na yekko ithnaw lagan lansil'n, yekko naanow nan-lanmar'n wawa lansil yeva. oz kathar'ae lansil netha zwey naavo slau marii vo na-ke U'marii Frith, na lansil thidtha vo lasu hliarii. naavo kless yaasne'ae vo toh kless Babel; kesu-ya ithnaw lagan vo na-ke U'marii Frith naa'u yekko'ae, na zwey naavo kathar lansil solu marii vo na-ke U'marii Frith.

Na zwey nan lagan na zwey nan wawa na-ke ros kless'ae. Na nerdyos'ae toh, slau thiddarii zwey nes-frith, yakko kosill'ae susirii kless marii Sinar lansil, na naias yakko lansil. na wawa'ae vo nan-lanmar lansil, thidda vo, anhur la lasu'ae noye, na kynrialt tolil riialt, na su'ae noyerao vo noye, na su'ae fawmalt vo lasufawm lansil. na wawa'ae, thidda vo, anhur la lasu'ae hliarii na hliar, husu tyir thidu vo frith-hlar selk, na anhur la lasu la yaasne ithselk kathar netha solu marii zwey na-ke U'marii la kless. na thidda'ae naav vo laisen hliarii na hliar kless'ae Frith, yakko rulil zwey lan lasu. na wawa'ae Frith, laisen, U'lalan kless nan, na sula na-ke nan lagan lansil, na yekka iithran vo naa lansil, na blao-naa zo-na-lan ithidda kless'ii zwey'ae lansil, kless lasuru naa'ii sula'ae lansil. thidda'ae vo, hliar la thidda naav, na yekko ithnaw lagan lansil'n, yekko naanow nan-lanmar'n wawa lansil yeva. oz kathar'ae lansil netha zwey naavo slau marii vo na-ke U'marii Frith, na lansil thidtha vo lasu hliarii. naavo kless yaasne'ae vo toh kless Babel; kesu-ya ithnaw lagan vo na-ke U'marii Frith naa'u yekko'ae, na zwey naavo kathar lansil solu marii vo na-ke U'marii Frith.

And all the earth had one language and one tongue. And it came about that in their wandering from the east, they came to a stretch of flat country in the land of Shinar, and there they made their living-place. And they said one to another, Come, let us make bricks, burning them well. And they had bricks for stone, putting them together with sticky earth. And they said, Come, let us make a town, and a tower whose top will go up as high as heaven; and let us make a great name for ourselves, so that we may not be wanderers over the face of the earth. And the Lord came down to see the town and the tower which the children of men were building. And the Lord said, See, they are all one people and have all one language; and this is only the start of what they may do: and now it will not be possible to keep them from any purpose of theirs. Come, let us go down and take away the sense of their language, so that they will not be able to make themselves clear to one another. So the Lord God sent them away into every part of the earth: and they gave up building their town. So it was named Babel, because there the Lord took away the sense of all languages and from there the Lord sent them away over all the face of the earth.

Na nerdyos'ae toh, slau thiddarii zwey nes-frith, yakko kosill'ae susirii kless marii Sinar lansil, na naias yakko lansil.

Na nerdyos'ae toh, slau thiddarii zwey nes-frith, yakko kosill'ae susirii kless marii Sinar lansil, na naias yakko lansil.

2. And it came to pass, as they journeyed from the east, that they found a plain in the land of Shinar; and they dwelt there.

Da?

Yes?

Nu kobi!

Very well.

Horosho desuto.

No problem.

Izvinitye, kiniro - chichich buroku- wa gde desuto ka?

Excuse me, where's the Yellow Brick Road?

Άπε ωύλος βίτος γάβε οίνην ιέχτιν, άπε οίνον σεπϝον. Άπε άλτ, πὰν κρίνισσον αυ ϝῆρεις, ϝίστον μάγον εν Σενναάρης λάνδης · άπε λέκτον ας. Άπε σεῖ σέπεντες, „Τεῖγετις, τὴς γῖγνητεμες χλίκης, άπε δάγησσι δαΐητεμες.” Άπε γάπτον χλίκης κυι κλούκης, άπε γάπτον ὼξρη κυι μύρτελι. Άπε σεῖ σέπεντες, „Τεῖγετις, τὴς ζᾶβητεμες κάτρικαν άπε τρύσιν, πεῖς βάνδην τὴς σάνηντι πους νέμι · άπε τὴς ϝίσσοι γῖγνητεμες, ὰμπαν χλίτανοι σῖλιζημο γρε ωύλι βίτι δρίκης.” Άπε Κύριος χο βοῦτ πῖσοντης κάτρικαν άπε τρύσιν, πεῖς ϝίρον άνδρης ζᾶπτον. Άπε Κύριος σέπτ, „Πῖσετις, κὲνλον ώς οίνος έσσι, άπε ωύλος γάβετι οίνην ιέχτιν · άπε τωῦζηντι σό, άπε νού νέπε αύβητετι εῖς, πίδ φαντάζοντι γνίοντους. Τεῖγετις, τὴς χο τεῖγητεμες, άπε ας σό μίσκητεμες ζῶ ιέχτιν, οὺτος τὴς νῖσηντι σεῖ τῖγνηντι σέπϝον.” Οὺτος Κύριος χλίτανοι αυ σό σῖλησσι γρε ωύλι βίτι δρίκης: άπε κὸνσαντον ζᾶβοντην κάτρικαν. Οὺτος κῶγγρετο άγμαναν Βαβυλόν · χὰριδη Κύριος ας σό μίσκτ ωύλι βίτι ιέχτιν: άπε αυ σό Κύριος χλίτανοι σῖλησσι γρε ωύλι βίτι δρίκης.

and all-M.SG.NOM.DEF world-SG.NOM hold-3SG.PST.IPFV one-F.SG.ACC.DEF language-SG.ACC | and one-M.SG.ACC.DEF say-GER-SG.ACC

and become-3SG.PST.PFV | when journey-3PL.PST.PFV from East-SG.GEN | find-3PL.PST.PFV plain-SG.ACC in Shinar-SG.GEN land-SG.GEN | and lie-3PL.PST.PFV at

and 3PL.M.RECP say-3PL.PST.IPFV | go-2PL.IMP | may make.FUT-1PL.FUT.IPFV brick-PL.ACC | and good-F.PL.ACC.INDEF burn-1PL.FUT.IPFV | and hold-3PL.PST.PFV brick-PL.ACC for stone-SG.GEN | and hold-3PL.PST.PFV slime-PL.ACC for mortar-SG.GEN

and 3PL.M.RECP say-3PL.PST.IPFV | go-2PL.IMP | may build-1PL.FUT.IPFV city-SG.ACC and tower-SG.ACC | Q.F top-SG.ACC may reach-3PL.FUT.PFV to heaven-SG.GEN | and may known-M.PL.NOM.DEF make.FUT-1PL.FUV.IPFV | never broad-M.PL.NOM.DEF scatter-1PL.MPASS.FUT.PFV on all-M.SG.GEN.DEF earth-SG.GEN face-SG.GEN

and Lord down come-3SG.PST.PFV see-PRES.PTCP-F.PL.ACC.DEF city-SG.ACC and tower-SG.ACC | Q.F man-PL.GEN child-PL.NOM build-3PL.PST.PFV

and Lord-SG.NOM say-3SG.PST.PFV | see-2PL.IMP | people-SG.NOM as one-M.SG.NOM.DEF COP.3SG.PRES | and all-M.SG.NOM.DEF hold-3SG.PRES one-F.SG.ACC.DEF language-SG.ACC | and begin-3PL.PRES DEM | and now none ward-3SG.FUT.IPFV 3PL.M | Q.N imagine-3PL.PRES do-PRES.PTCP-M.PL.ACC.DEF

go-2PL.IMP | may down go.FUT-1PL.FUT.IPFV | and at DEM confuse-1PL.FUT.IPFV 3PL.M.POSS language-SG.ACC | thus may COP.NEG.3PL.FUT.PFV 3PL.M.RECP understand-3PL.FUT.PFV speak-GER-SG.ACC

thus Lord-SG.NOM broad-M.PL.NOM.DEF from DEM scatter-3SG.PST.PFV 3PL.M on all-M.SG.GEN.DEF earth-SG.GEN face-SG.GEN | and stop-3PL.PST.PFV build-PRES.PTCP-F.SG.ACC.DEF city-SG.ACC

thus call-3SG.MPASS.PRES name-SG.ACC Babel-SG.ACC | because Lord-SG.NOM at DEM confuse-3SG.PST.PFV all-M.SG.GEN.DEF world-SG.GEN language-SG.ACC | and from DEM Lord-SG.NOM broad-M.PL.NOM.DEF scatter-3SG.PST.PFV 3PL.M on all-M.SG.GEN.DEF earth-SG.GEN face-SG.GEN

And all the earth had one language and one tongue. And it came about that in their wandering from the east, they came to a stretch of flat country in the land of Shinar, and there they made their living-place. And they said one to another, Come, let us make bricks, burning them well. And they had bricks for stone, putting them together with sticky earth. And they said, Come, let us make a town, and a tower whose top will go up as high as heaven; and let us make a great name for ourselves, so that we may not be wanderers over the face of the earth. And the Lord came down to see the town and the tower which the children of men were building. And the Lord said, See, they are all one people and have all one language; and this is only the start of what they may do: and now it will not be possible to keep them from any purpose of theirs. Come, let us go down and take away the sense of their language, so that they will not be able to make themselves clear to one another. So the Lord God sent them away into every part of the earth: and they gave up building their town. So it was named Babel, because there the Lord took away the sense of all languages and from there the Lord sent them away over all the face of the earth.

Οὺτος κῶγγρετο άγμαναν Βαβυλόν · χὰριδη Κύριος ας σό μίσκτ ωύλι βίτι ιέχτιν: άπε αυ σό Κύριος χλίτανοι σῖλησσι γρε ωύλι βίτι δρίκης.

thus call-3SG.MPASS.PRES name-SG.ACC Babel-SG.ACC | because Lord-SG.NOM at DEM confuse-3SG.PST.PFV all-M.SG.GEN.DEF world-SG.GEN language-SG.ACC | and from DEM Lord-SG.NOM broad-M.PL.NOM.DEF scatter-3SG.PST.PFV 3PL.M on all-M.SG.GEN.DEF earth-SG.GEN face-SG.GEN

9. Therefore is the name of it called Babel; because the LORD did there confound the language of all the earth: and from thence did the LORD scatter them abroad upon the face of all the earth.

Οὺτος Κύριος χλίτανοι αυ σό σῖλησσι γρε ωύλι βίτι δρίκης: άπε κὸνσαντον ζᾶβοντην κάτρικαν.

thus Lord-SG.NOM broad-M.PL.NOM.DEF from DEM scatter-3SG.PST.PFV 3PL.M on all-M.SG.GEN.DEF earth-SG.GEN face-SG.GEN | and stop-3PL.PST.PFV build-PRES.PTCP-F.SG.ACC.DEF city-SG.ACC

8. So the LORD scattered them abroad from thence upon the face of all the earth: and they left off to build the city.

„Τεῖγετις, τὴς χο τεῖγητεμες, άπε ας σό μίσκητεμες ζῶ ιέχτιν, οὺτος τὴς νῖσηντι σεῖ τῖγνηντι σέπϝον.”

go-2PL.IMP | may down go.FUT-1PL.FUT.IPFV | and at DEM confuse-1PL.FUT.IPFV 3PL.M.POSS language-SG.ACC | thus may COP.NEG.3PL.FUT.PFV 3PL.M.RECP understand-3PL.FUT.PFV speak-GER-SG.ACC

7. Go to, let us go down, and there confound their language, that they may not understand one another's speech.

Άπε Κύριος σέπτ, „Πῖσετις, κὲνλον ώς οίνος έσσι, άπε ωύλος γάβετι οίνην ιέχτιν · άπε τωῦζηντι σό, άπε νού νέπε αύβητετι εῖς, πίδ φαντάζοντι γνίοντους.”

and Lord-SG.NOM say-3SG.PST.PFV | see-2PL.IMP | people-SG.NOM as one-M.SG.NOM.DEF COP.3SG.PRES | and all-M.SG.NOM.DEF hold-3SG.PRES one-F.SG.ACC.DEF language-SG.ACC | and begin-3PL.PRES DEM | and now none ward-3SG.FUT.IPFV 3PL.M | Q.N imagine-3PL.PRES do-PRES.PTCP-M.PL.ACC.DEF

6. And the LORD said, Behold, the people is one, and they have all one language; and this they begin to do: and now nothing will be restrained from them, which they have imagined to do.

Άπε Κύριος χο βοῦτ πῖσοντης κάτρικαν άπε τρύσιν, πεῖς ϝίρον άνδρης ζᾶπτον.

and Lord down come-3SG.PST.PFV see-PRES.PTCP-F.PL.ACC.DEF city-SG.ACC and tower-SG.ACC | Q.F man-PL.GEN child-PL.NOM build-3PL.PST.PFV

5. And the LORD came down to see the city and the tower, which the children of men builded.

Άπε σεῖ σέπεντες, „Τεῖγετις, τὴς ζᾶβητεμες κάτρικαν άπε τρύσιν, πεῖς βάνδην τὴς σάνηντι πους νέμι · άπε τὴς ϝίσσοι γῖγνητεμες, ὰμπαν χλίτανοι σῖλιζημο γρε ωύλι βίτι δρίκης.”

and RECP say-3PL.PST.IPFV | go-2PL.IMP | may build-1PL.FUT.IPFV city-SG.ACC and tower-SG.ACC | Q.F top-SG.ACC may reach-3PL.FUT.PFV to heaven-SG.GEN | and may known-M.PL.NOM.DEF make.FUT-1PL.FUV.IPFV | never broad-M.PL.NOM.DEF scatter-1PL.MPASS.FUT.PFV on all-M.SG.GEN.DEF earth-SG.GEN face-SG.GEN

4. And they said, Go to, let us build us a city and a tower, whose top may reach unto heaven; and let us make us a name, lest we be scattered abroad upon the face of the whole earth.

Άπε σεῖ σέπεντες, „Τεῖγετις, τὴς γῖγνητεμες χλίκης, άπε δάγησσι δαΐητεμες.” Άπε γάπτον χλίκης κυι κλούκης, άπε γάπτον ὼξρη κυι μύρτελι.

and RECP say-3PL.PST.IPFV | go-2PL.IMP | may make.FUT-1PL.FUT.IPFV brick-PL.ACC | and good-F.PL.ACC.INDEF burn-1PL.FUT.IPFV | and hold-3PL.PST.PFV brick-PL.ACC for stone-SG.GEN | and hold-3PL.PST.PFV slime-PL.ACC for mortar-SG.GEN

3. And they said one to another, Go to, let us make brick, and burn them throughly. And they had brick for stone, and slime had they for morter.

Άπε άλτ, πὰν κρίνισσον αυ ϝῆρεις, ϝίστον μάγον εν Σενναάρης λάνδης · άπε λέκτον ας.

and become-3SG.PST.PFV | when journey-3PL.PST.PFV from East-SG.GEN | find-3PL.PST.PFV plain-SG.ACC in Shinar-SG.GEN land-SG.GEN | and lie-3PL.PST.PFV at

2. And it came to pass, as they journeyed from the east, that they found a plain in the land of Shinar; and they dwelt there.

Άπε ωύλος βίτος γάπτ οίνην ιέχτιν, άπε οίνον σεπϝον.

and all-M.SG.NOM.DEF world-SG.NOM hold-3SG.PST.IPFV one-F.SG.ACC.DEF language-SG.ACC | and one-M.SG.ACC.DEF say-GER-SG.ACC

1. And the whole earth was of one language, and of one speech.

Σί ές δῖζητι.

3SG.F 3SG.M give-3SG.FUT.PFV

She will give it to him.

Μοί χόβερκραφτον χλῆνητο χὲνατρικον.

1SG.POSS hovercraft-SG.NOM fill-3SG.MPASS.PRES eel-PL.GEN

My hovercraft is full of eels.

Γούτος μί σέπτ: „Ϝεῖνη άπε σοῦγνηϝος εῖσι! Γλάνητετι δρούκιος έζονος!” Οὺτος ϝεῖνησσου Άπε σοῦγνηϝος εῖσσου. Άπε δρούκιος άλτ.

voice-SG.NOM 1SG say-3SG.PST.PFV
smile-2SG.IMP and happy-M.SG.NOM.DEF COP.2SG.IMP
can-3SG.FUT.IPFV bad-COMP-M.SG.NOM.DEF COP.PRES.PTCP-M.SG.NOM.DEF
thus smile-1SG.PST.PFV
and happy-M.SG.NOM.DEF COP.1SG.PST.PFV
and bad-COMP-M.SG.NOM.DEF grow-3SG.PST.PFV

A voice said to me: "Smile and be happy! Things could be worse!" So I smiled And was happy. And things got worse.

Σαλού #αυρειέχτι, έσσι μοί οὺχριος γράφϝος άπε έσσι μοί σκρῖβηντος γράφϝος κυι νότον γρεγράφϝι.

hello #conlang-SG.VOC | COP.3SG.PRES 1SG.POSS careful-M.SG.NOM.DEF write-GER-SG.NOM
and COP.3SG.PRES 1SG.POSS scribble-PRES.PTCP-M.SG.NOM.DEF write-GER-SG.NOM for note-PL.GEN record-GER-SG.GEN

Hello #conlang, this is my careful writing and this is my scribble note taking script.

Κάρου δῆντης.

want-1SG.PRES give-PRES.PTCP-F.SG.GEN

I want to give it to her.

Ές Ιὼνης δῆσσι.

3SG.M John-SG.GEN give-3SG.PST.PFV

He has given it to John.

Ιὼνης νῖς δῆ βᾶλον.

John-SG.GEN COP.NEG.1SG.PRES give-1SG.PRES apple-SG.ACC

I don't give John the apple.

Βᾶλον ρωύδον νῖσσι.

apple-SG.NOM red-NSG.NOM.DEF COP.NEG.3SG.PRES

The apple is not red.

Τρηβού δῆντος.

must-1SG.PRES give-PRES.PTCP-M.SG.GEN.DEF

I must give it to him.

Σί ές δῆτι.

3SG.F 3SG.M give-3SG.PRES

She gives it to him.

Ιὼνης δῆτι.

John-SG.GEN give-3SG.PRES

He gives it to John.

Ές δῶνου βᾶλον.

3SG.M give-1PL.PRES apple-SG.ACC

We give him the apple.

Δῆ βᾶλον Ιὼνης.

give-1SG.PRES apple-SG.ACC John-SG.GEN

I give John the apple.

Έσσι Ιὼνης βᾶλον.

COP.3SG.PRES John-SG.GEN apple-SG.NOM

It is John’s apple.

Βᾶλον ρωύδον έσσι.

apple-SG.NOM red-NSG.NOM.DEF COP.3SG.PRES

The apple is red.

Έμμη

Emma

Λέον

Leon

Μαρίη

Mary

Μίη

Mia

Ολίβιη

Olivia

Όλιβερ

Oliver

Ιάκοβος

James

Ιάκοβος

Jacob

Πεῖς χαρέκετι χρόδηντονεδ άντον μῖνιον κωῦριδ τῖγνοτι κανόν ώς θρῆσκουσες πράτους άπε θεολογίης ϝίκετι κάτι ας μόκον. Ουμῆνον ὰνζον χλὴγμον ϝαῖλον άπε χλὴγμον γρέγον έσσι κυι χρονὶντο εν πέδον.

Q.M try-3SG.PRES put-PRES.PTCP-N.SG.ACC.INDEF limit-SG.ACC basic-N.PL.GEN.DEF moral-N.SG.GEN.INDEF conduct-SG.GEN standard-PL.GEN as religious-M.PL.ACC.INDEF observance-PL.ACC and theology-PL.ACC fight-3SG.PRES battle-SG.GEN at pig-SG.GEN
humane-N.SG.NOM.DEF spirit-SG.NOM too-N.SG.NOM.DEF needy-N.SG.NOM.DEF and too-N.SG.NOM.DEF vigorous-N.SG.NOM.DEF COP.3SG.PRES for keep-3SG.MPASS.PRES in shackle-PL.GEN

Those who try to limit basic standards of moral conduct to religious observances and theologies are fighting a losing battle. The human spirit is too needy and too vigorous to be kept in shackles.

Τῆντ ας νῖσσεις αχτὴς, Εξ κρίνιτιο πους μόρεις. Κάρου γλάνητετι, Εξ κρίνιτιο πους μόρεις. Μοί ωύλοι κάρϝοι άπε κούξη, Εξ κρίνιντο πους μόρεις. Δρέκου μοί κρίζι πλοῖον, Εξ κρίνιτο πους μόρεις.

stand-PRES.PTCP at island-SG.GEN shore-SG.GEN
away drift-PRES.PTCP to sea-SG.GEN

wish-1SG.PRES can-1SG.FUT.IPFV
away drift-PRES.PTCP to sea-SG.GEN

1SG.POSS all-M.PL.NOM.DEF hope-GER-PL.NOM and dream-PL.NOM
away drift-3PL.PRES to sea-SG.GEN

watch-1SG.PRES 1SG.POSS heart-SG.GEN boat-SG.ACC
away drift-3SG.PRES to sea-SG.GEN

Standing on the island's shore, Drifting off to sea. I wish that I could be, Drifting off to sea. All of my hopes and dreams, Drifting off to sea. I watch my lover's boat, Drifting off to sea.

Μοί κάραντες Μοί δάγαμοι κάραντες Μοί οίνοις δάγαμοσες κάρανς Μοί τρῖς δάγαμοις κάραντες Μοί χράσκοις δάγαμοις κάραντες Μοί μὲγκαμοις δάγαμοις κάραντες Μοί ωύλοι δάγαμοι κάραντες Σμήχινονες ϝίρος Μέγκοεσες σμήχινονες ϝίρος Σμήχιναμος ϝίρος Τίρες καμίσιης Τίρες γλάνησσι καμίσιης Τίρες γλάναμης καμίσιης Γλάνον καμίσιον ϝῖ νωύιαμιοι Τίρες γλάνον καμίσιον ϝῖ νωύιαμιοι Κέντος χράσκϝος Τρῖς χράσκϝον κέντιος Τρίτιος χράσκϝος Χράσκϝον ὰντηκιος

1SG.POSS friend-PL.NOM
1SG.POSS good-SUP-M.PL.NOM.DEF friend-PL.NOM
1SG.POSS one-M.PL.NOM.INDEF good-SUP-M.SG.NOM.INDEF friend-SG.NOM
1SG.POSS three.M good-SUP-M.PL.NOM.INDEF friend-PL.NOM
1SG.POSS some-M.PL.NOM.INDEF good-SUP-M.PL.NOM.INDEF friend-PL.NOM
1SG.POSS most-M.PL.NOM.INDEF good-SUP-M.PL.NOM.INDEF friend-PL.NOM
1SG.POSS all-M.PL.NOM.DEF good-SUP-M.PL.NOM.DEF friend-PL.NOM

funny-M.SG.NOM.INDEF man-SG.NOM
very-M.SG.NOM.INDEF funny-M.SG.NOM.INDEF man-SG.NOM
funny-SUP-M.SG.NOM.DEF man-SG.NOM

three.F shirt-PL.NOM
three.F clean-F.PL.NOM.INDEF shirt-PL.NOM
three.F clean-SUP-F.PL.NOM.DEF shirt-PL.NOM
clean-F.PL.GEN.DEF shirt-PL.GEN two.F new-SUP-NZ-PL.NOM
three.F clean-F.PL.GEN.DEF shirt-PL.GEN two.F new-SUP-NZ-PL.NOM

first-M.SG.NOM.DEF question-SG.NOM
three.M question-PL.GEN first-NZ-SG.NOM
third-M.SG.NOM.DEF question-SG.NOM
question-PL.GEN last-NZ-SG.NOM

my friends my best friends one of my best friends 3 of my best friends some of my best friends most of my best friends all of my best friends a funny man a very funny man the funniest man of all 3 shirts 3 clean shirts the cleanest 3 shirts the newest 2 of the clean shirts the newest 2 of the 3 clean shirts the first question the first 3 questions the third question the last of the questions

Μόγοι πεῖς ζέσι πῖστου άσεντες Κράλος άπε Ιάκοβος.

boy-PL.NOM Q.M yesterday see-1SG.PST.PFV COP.3PL.PST.IPFV Karl-SG.NOM and Jake-SG.NOM

The boys whom I saw yesterday were Karl and Jake

Δάγον Νωύιον Βλεῖδον!

good-N.SG.NOM.DEF new-N.SG.NOM.DEF year-SG.NOM

Happy New Year!

Δάγον Ροζιστόν!

good-N.SG.NOM.DEF Christmas-SG.NOM

Merry Christmas!

Μί νῆ ας!

1SG COP.NEG.2SG.PROH at

Don't touch me there!

Κρὸκιμη πὲζ έσσι;

pub-SG.NOM where COP.3SG.PRES

Where is the bar?

Μοί τράζον πὲζ έσσι;

beach-SG.NOM where COP.3SG.PRES

Where is the beach?

Μοί όδη πὲζ έσσι;

1SG.POSS room-SG.NOM where COP.3SG.PRES

Where is my room?

Ωύλιοι πάροντο άπε αρῖμηντο.

all-NZ-PL.NOM be_present-3PL.MPASS.PRES and count-3PL.MPASS.PRES

All present and accounted for.

Πίδ αύρουσετα;

Q.N need-2SG.MPASS.PRES

What do you need?

Ντὲλησι;

order-2SG.FUT.PFV

Your orders?

Έσσι;

COP.3SG.PRES

Yes?

Πίδ πλάνον έσσι;

Q.N plan-SG.NOM COP.3SG.PRES

What's the plan?

Γριλῆμος ές κυι γνίϝον.

ready COP.1SG.PRES for do-GER-SG.ACC

Ready for action.

Χὰροσου κυι ντὲλησι.

wait-1SG.PRES for order-2SG.FUT.PFV

Awaiting your orders.

Mí ϝεῖδι πίδ γνίετιο.

1SG tell-2SG.IMP Q.N do-MPASS.PRES.PTCP

Tell me what to do.

Τὴς χρόδιζητε.

may serve-1SG.FUT.IPFV

At your service.

Γγὲλου εν χρὸδϝι.

report-1SG.PRES in service-SG.GEN

Reporting for duty.

Γλάνασι σνίς πὲθοντ.

can-2SG.PRES 1PL trust-PRES.PTCP

You can count on us.

Τὴς σνίς τεῖγετις.

may 1PL move-2PL.IMP

Let's get moving.

Άσμου ας βωὺτρι.

COP.1PL.PRES at road-SG.GEN

On our way.

Δάγος.

good-M.SG.NOM.DEF

Very well.

Μῆνεϝε ώς χλῆνητιο.

think-2PL.MPASS.IMP as finish-MPASS.PRES.PTCP

Consider it done.

Νιάδ ανσένταχτης.

without problem-SG.GEN

No problem.

Γρέγομου.

do-1PL.PRES

We're on it.

Κύπε

certainly

Certainly.

Τεῖγετις!

move-2PL.IMP

Move out!

Ώς κάρεσι.

as wish-2SG.PRES

As you wish.

Χραπίδ ζέσι κάρτες δῆμνονες νωύιελον ϝίρι εν καάτρικος;

why yesterday want-2SG.PST.PFV give-PST.PFV.PTCP-M.SG.ACC.INDEF money-SG.ACC man-SG.GEN in city-SG.GEN

Why did you want to give the man money in the city yesterday?

Άσσε ζόνιοι άπε άσσε δούμνι.

COP.1PL.PRES person-PL.NOM and COP.1PL.PRES earth-SG.GEN

We are humans and we are from Earth.

Παρδόν βλῆϝον χλίκον βωὺτρον πὲζ έσσι;

excuse_me | yellow-F.PL.GEN.DEF brick-PL.GEN road-SG.NOM where COP.3SG.PRES

Excuse me, where's the Yellow Brick Road?

Τὸγεσι χρᾶβοντον σό γῆρον. Νῖς μῆνου πὲσσετο πίδ μῆνετα πὲσσετο.

continue-2SG.PRES use-PRES.PTCP-M.SG.ACC.DEF DEM word-SG.ACC | COP.NEG.1SG.PRES think-1SG.MPASS.PRES convey-3SG.MPASS.PRES Q.N think-2SG.PRES convey-3SG.MPASS.PRES

You keep using that word. I do not think it means what you think it means.

Γλόκι Κάνλον Γλῖπητι Εν νόχτος εν μὴσσι Γλῖπητι Μοί νᾶμαν σῆμον έσσι. Γλόκαγνοι τούδοντι Εν δῖι γρε δλὸνον Γλόκαγνοι τούδοντι Μοί κρίζον ζᾶβετο Γλόκι τρῆτον βοῦετι Γρε τρῆτοναν εν μόνιον Γλόκι τρῆτον βοῦετι Μοί νᾶμαν ζὰβιτι.

rain-SG.GEN song-SG.NOM

rain-3SG.PRES
in night-SG.GEN in desert-SG.GEN
rain-3SG.PRES
1SG.POSS soul-SG.NOM peaceful-N.SG.NOM.DEF COP.3SG.PRES

raindrop-PL.NOM fall-3PL.PRES
in day-SG.GEN on leaf-PL.GEN
raindrop-PL.NOM fall-3PL.PRES
1SG.POSS heart-SG.NOM lift-3SG.MPASS.PRES

rain-SG.GEN time-SG.NOM come-3SG.PRES
on time-SG.ACC in mountain-PL.GEN
rain-SG.GEN time-SG.NOM come-3SG.PRES
1SG.POSS soul-SG.NOM rejoice-3SG.PRES

The Rain Song It is raining in the night in the desert It is raining My soul is peaceful. The raindrops are falling in the daytime on the leaves The raindrops are falling My heart lifts. The time of rain has come For a time in the mountains The time of rain has come My soul rejoices.

Τῆσι εν λαβύρινθι αῦρε κάσσονες βίκονες σέντον, ωύλονες κωὺκονες.

stand-2SG.PRES in maze-SG.GEN with twisted-M.PL.GEN.INDEF little-M.PL.GEN.INDEF passage-PL.GEN | all-M.PL.GEN.INDEF alike-M.PL.GEN.INDEF

You are in a maze of twisty little passages, all alike.

Βίτι προλετάριας, νῖλουγγετις!

world-SG.GEN proletariat-SG.VOC | unite-2PL.IMP

Proletariat of the world, unite!

Τὴς ελῆτετο, πεῖς μῆνετο έσσι νῆνον οίνον μέσον γρέγϝι ιέχτιν.

may pity-3SG.MPASS.FUT.IPFV | Q.M think-3SG.MPASS.PRES COP.3SG.PRES only-N.SG.NOM.DEF one-N.SG.NOM.DEF means-SG.NOM make-GER-SG.GEN language-SG.ACC

Let him be pitied, who thinks there is only one way to make a language.

Πεῖς νῖσσι θῶγνινητι άπε νῖσσι θῶγνινητι νῖσοντος θῶγνινηντος Έσσι δροῦζος. Ποφεὺγι ές. Πεῖς νῖσσι θῶγνινητι άπε θῶγνινητι νῖσοντος θῶγνινηντος Έσσι δισκίπουλος. Χρεγλάνδι ές. Πεῖς θῶγνινητι άπε νῖσσι θῶγνινητι θῶγνινηντος Ζέχετο. Δῖξετι ές. Πεῖς θῶγνινητι άπε θῶγνινητι θῶγνινηντος wise έσσι. Σέπετα ές.

Q.M COP.NEG.3SG.PRES know-3SG.PRES and COP.NEG.3SG.PRES know-3SG.PRES COP.NEG.PRES.PTCP-M.SG.NOM.DEF know-PRES.PTCP-M.SG.NOM.DEF
COP.3SG.PRES fool-SG.NOM | shun-2SG.IMP 3SG.M

Q.M COP.NEG.3SG.PRES know-3SG.PRES know-3SG.PRES COP.NEG.PRES.PTCP-M.SG.NOM.DEF know-PRES.PTCP-M.SG.NOM.DEF
COP.3SG.PRES learner-SG.NOM | teach-2SG.IMP 3SG.M

Q.M know-3SG.PRES and COP.NEG.3SG.PRES know-3SG.PRES know-PRES.PTCP-M.SG.NOM.DEF
sleep-3SG.MPASS.PRES | wake-2SG.IMP 3SG.M

Q.M know-3SG.PRES and know-3SG.PRES know-PRES.PTCP-M.SG.NOM.DEF
wise-M.SG.NOM.DEF COP.3SG.PRES | follow-2SG.MPASS.IMP 3SG.M

He who knows not and knows not he knows not He is a fool. Shun him. He who knows not and knows he knows not He is a student. Teach him. He who knows and knows not he knows He is asleep. Wake him. He who knows and knows he knows He is wise. Follow him.

Τραδισιόν έσσι σένιοι ρυίγϝος ιὸγκιοος κυι σῆσσηϝι μῆριους.

tradition-SG.NOM COP.3SG.PRES old-AG-PL.GEN corrupt-GER-SG.NOM young-AG-PL.ACC for please-GER-SG.GEN dead-AG-PL.ACC

Tradition is the old corrupting the young to please the dead.

Πὰν μοί κιουκουνσέγγατιρας έσε ιὸγκος ϝίρος, κρίνισσι εν βίτον. Κέντος χῖρος τεῖγε · ές νῆνοσες τράχτος ας. Πὰν οὒχλιος γλάνα · ές νῆνονεδ χράζον ας. Πὰν ϝῆρις γλάνα · ας σό μόνιοι χλὴγμοι ράϝοι άσσον άπε κιουκουνσέγγατιρας νῖς γλάντ δρίγγζους. Ὰντηκος πὲσαζετει ϝῆρις κρίνιτος, αῦρε χόζην, αῦρε οὺχρειδον, αῦρε ϝέγνον, αῦρε πλοῖον. Εν ϝῆρεις ϝέλτ μῆραμον καάτρικαν εν χλῆνι βίτι.

when 1SG.POSS great_great-grandfather-SG.NOM COP.3SG.PST.IPFV young-M.SG.NOM.DEF man-SG.NOM | travel-3SG.PST.PFV in world-SG.ACC
first-M.SG.NOM.DEF west-M.SG.NOM.DEF go-3SG.PST.IPFV | COP.3SG.PST.PFV only-M.SG.NOM.INDEF sand-SG.NOM at
then north-M.SG.NOM.DEF go-3SG.PST.IPFV | COP.3SG.PST.PFV only-N.SG.NOM.INDEF snow-SG.NOM at
then east-M.SG.NOM.DEF go-3SG.PST.IPFV | at DEM mountain-PL.NOM too-M.PL.NOM.DEF high-M.PL.NOM.DEF COP.3PL.PST.PFV and great_great-grandfather-SG.NOM COP.NEG.3SG.PST.PFV can-3SG.PST.PFV climb-MPASS.PST.IPFV.PTCP-M.PL.ACC.DEF
final-M.SG.NOM.DEF decide-3SG.MPASS.PST.IPFV south-M.SG.NOM.DEF travel-PST.PFV.PTCP-M.SG.NOM.DEF | with foot-SG.ACC | with horse-SG.ACC | with cart-SG.ACC | with boat-SG.ACC
in south-SG.GEN see-3SG.PST.PFV large-SUP-M.SG.ACC.DEF city-SG.ACC in whole-M.SG.GEN.DEF world-SG.GEN

When my great-great-grandfather was a young man, he travelled out into the world. First he went west; there was only sand there. Then he went north; there was only snow there. Then he went east; there the mountains were too high and great-great-grandfather couldn't climb them. At last he decided to travel south, on foot, on horseback, by cart and by boat. In the south he saw the largest city in all the world.

Πους μέγκιονεδ βλεῖδον!

to many-N.PL.GEN.INDEF year-PL.GEN

Happy birthday!

Γλάνου έδοντονες χιάλον, νῖσσι μί βρούσνατι.

able-1SG.PRES eat-PRES.PTCP-M.SG.ACC.INDEF glass-SG.ACC | COP.NEG.3SG.PRES 1SG hurt-3SG.PRES

I can eat glass, it does not hurt me.

Ές ζέσιαχτη, σό δῖος, τῶβρεγαχτη, Άπε γάβου βρίγην γῆνετουον λὰμησσι τάνης. Ές νοίβον κέλετιον νᾶμαν πίδ γνίτ δεῖϝους Άπε δῆτι τύμβηκησσι ϝέσσης πους δούβναχτης τωύζον, Μῆριον, άπε νέμι ζόν... Μόλητρις, νὲντι τίγρενε τῆντι εν βίτι κρίζι. Μί έσσι άπε ζεῖς ές!

COP.1SG.PRES yesterday-NZ-SG.NOM | DEM day-SG.NOM | tomorrow-NZ-SG.NOM
and hold-1SG.PRES power-SG.ACC be_born-GER.MPASS-SG.ACC additional-F.SG.GEN.INDEF time-SG.GEN
COP.1SG.PRES divine-N.SG.NOM.DEF hide-MPASS.PRES.PTCP-N.SG.NOM.DEF soul-SG.NOM Q.N create-3SG.PST.PFV god-PL.ACC
and give-3SG.PRES grave-ADJZ-F.PL.ACC.INDEF meal-PL.ACC to deep-NZ-SG.GEN denizen-PL.GEN
dead-AG-PL.GEN | and heaven-SG.GEN place-SG.NOM
hail-2SG.IMP.MPASS | shrine-SG.GEN lord-SG.VOC stand-PRES.PTCP-N.SG.GEN.DEF in world-SG.GEN center-SG.GEN
1SG COP.3SG.PRES and 3SG.M.REFL COP.1SG.PRES

I am yesterday, today and tomorrow, and I have the power to be born a second time. I am the divine hidden soul who created the Gods and gives sepulchral meals to the denizens of the deep, the place of the dead, and heaven... Hail, lord of the shrine that stands in the centre of the earth. He is I and I am he!

Ϝίκι ιέχτιον εξρεμοῦκητουον. Χρὶξετα ιέχτι!

fight-2SG.IMP language-PL.GEN extinguish-GER.MPASS-SG.ACC | invent-2SG.MPASS.IMP language-SG.ACC

Fight linguistic extinction. Invent a language!

Αντίο $

bye $

bye $

Τὴς εῖστητι ιέχτις!

may COP.3SG.FUT.IPFV language-SG.NOM

fiat lingua!

Ανλῖϝηκηδ γλάσσηδ μάνης ρεῖγκηδ ζέχοντο.

NEG-color-ADJZ-N.PL.NOM.INDEF green-N.PL.NOM.INDEF idea-PL.NOM furious-N.PL.NOM.INDEF sleep-3PL.MPASS.PRES

Colorless green ideas sleep furiously.

Ανλῖϝηκηδ γλάσσηδ κούξη ρεῖγκηδ ζέχοντο.

NEG-color-ADJZ-N.PL.NOM.INDEF green-N.PL.NOM.INDEF dream-PL.NOM furious-N.PL.NOM.INDEF sleep-3PL.MPASS.PRES

Colorless green dreams sleep furiously.

Μῆνου, οὺτος ές.

think-1SG.PRES | therefore COP.1SG.PRES

I think, therefore I am

Νῆ άμι βουτήλιην εν άμελι.

COP.NEG.2SG.PROH wash-2SG.IMP bottle-SG.ACC in dishwasher-SG.GEN

Don't wash the bottle in the dishwasher

Έσσι κραγιόν; Νῖσσι, έσσι φενέσρη.

COP.3SG.PRES pencil-SG.NOM | COP.NEG.3SG.PRES | COP.3SG.PRES window-SG.NOM

Is it a pencil? No, it is a window.

Ωύλοι τωύ ντὲλϝοι νῖλουγγητεντο.

all-M.PL.NOM.DEF 2SG.POSS demand-GER-PL.NOM meet-3PL.MPASS.FUT.IPFV

All your demands will be met.

Ωύλοι ζόνιοι χρίοι άπε αυκεῖντινοι δίγνιτης άπε κωὺραχτον γῆνοντο. Χρόδηντο μέγμαναν άπε κονθῶγνιγϝον άπε λίγοντο γνίοντοι σεῖ αῦρε βρῆτιι ὰνζι.

all-M.PL.NOM.DEF person-PL.NOM free-M.PL.NOM.DEF and equal-M.PL.NOM.DEF dignity-SG.GEN and right-NZ-PL.GEN be_born-3PL.MID.PRES
give-3PL.MID.PRES mind-SG.ACC and conscience-SG.ACC and should-3PL.MID.PRES do-PRES.PTCP-M.PL.NOM.DEF 3.RECP with brother-NZ-SG.GEN spirit-SG.GEN

All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood.

Puosso mangiare giasso, non mic dolet.

I can eat glass, it does not hurt me.

Felice gabaerdago!

Happy birthday!

Can il meinu trisnonnu erat gioggu, viaggiaut faullo mezzogardo. Frome allo vestare; þar ebbet sole malma. Dugque allo nordare; þar ebbet sole snaevo. Dugque all’austare; þar i baergni erando felu alti ed il trisnonnu non puossaet scalare eis. Angiamente decidaet viaggiare allo sondare, piedi, aeca, vagna e scepa. Nallo sondare, saecaut la mechissima cittade allo mezzogardo.

When my great-great-grandfather was a young man, he travelled out into the world. First he went west; there was only sand there. Then he went north; there was only snow there. Then he went east; there the mountains were too high and great-great-grandfather couldn't climb them. At last he decided to travel south, on foot, on horseback, by cart and by boat. In the south he saw the largest city in all the world.

Ic im iere, oggi e gestradagu, Ed aggio la forza di nascere nuovamente. Ic im la saevala teivina e nascosta ei, tavit los Teivos e gevat pastos sepolcrales habitantevo diupi, il stade dauþatoro, ed il hemenu. Haelo, domnu santuari ei, stâþ nallo centro aerþe. Is ist Ic ed Ic im Is.

I am yesterday, today and tomorrow, and I have the power to be born a second time. I am the divine hidden soul who created the Gods and gives sepulchral meals to the denizens of the deep, the place of the dead, and heaven... Hail, lord of the shrine that stands in the centre of the earth. He is I and I am he!

Pognâ l’estinzione rasdavetascapitica! Taugiâ aena rasda!

Fight linguistic extinction. Invent a language!

Ce abbia ci la rasda!

fiat lingua!

Arrisaecarci $

bye $

Le idee verdi inu colori dormondo furiosamente.

Colorless green ideas sleep furiously.

I traume verdi inu colori dormit furiosamente

Colorless green dreams sleep furiously.

Non þvare la bottiglia nalla þvastoviglia.

Don't wash the bottle in the dishwasher

Þatha ist aeno piombo? Non, ist aena finestra.

Is it a pencil? No, it is a window.

Alli i þeini bisogni soddisferênða.

All your demands will be met.

Ic þagco, faurtanto ic im.

I think, therefore I am

Alla l’aerþa rogiavat la samna rasda ed usavat atha samno vaurdo. Sic dirigendu du l’Orienti, i manni capitarondo aena pianizie nal lando Scineari, e þar bauvarondo. Sic roðirondo l’aeno anþera: “Qemate, taugiamos scaglias cottas la fona.” Operarondo scaglievo anzicê staenevo, e bitumevo invece di calcevo. Poi roðirondo: “Qemate, construiamos unsis aeno stade, ed aena celecna ei, la cima giuggat l’hemeno; acquistiamos unsis fama, affincê non siemos dispersi sul vieto alle l’aerþe.” Il Signore discendaet faur saecare lo stade e la celecna ei, i figli mannoro construivando. Il Signore roðit: “Ecco, sondo aena sola þiuðana e hondo alli aena rasda sola; giaeno ist atha principio gli seini lavori; hora nulla analazzirât eis di conducere ei, þatha intendondo taugiare. Scendiamos dugqe e confondiamos la seina rasda, faurcê l’aeno non vetarât la rasda anþeri.” Sva il Signore eis dispersaet di þar su allo lo vieto l’aerþe ed eis cessarondo di construire lo stade. Dugque a giaena gevada latha namno di Babeli, faurcê þar il Signiore confusaet la rasda alle l’aerþe e þaþro dispersaet su allo lo vieto l’aerþe.

And all the earth had one language and one tongue. And it came about that in their wandering from the east, they came to a stretch of flat country in the land of Shinar, and there they made their living-place. And they said one to another, Come, let us make bricks, burning them well. And they had bricks for stone, putting them together with sticky earth. And they said, Come, let us make a town, and a tower whose top will go up as high as heaven; and let us make a great name for ourselves, so that we may not be wanderers over the face of the earth. And the Lord came down to see the town and the tower which the children of men were building. And the Lord said, See, they are all one people and have all one language; and this is only the start of what they may do: and now it will not be possible to keep them from any purpose of theirs. Come, let us go down and take away the sense of their language, so that they will not be able to make themselves clear to one another. So the Lord God sent them away into every part of the earth: and they gave up building their town. So it was named Babel, because there the Lord took away the sense of all languages and from there the Lord sent them away over all the face of the earth.

Alli gli manni gabaerondo fri ed aegguali vaerþo e raettos. Eis dotanða miþ hoga e monda e scolondo agire du anþera spirito broþarescapi.

All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood.

Benas lakyun šina šina xexafun noto sanok, rugasape kananani ji jinuspal. Tape gusalpe kanarpal; xe posu dasag ton. Tasu gusalpe yajiypal; xe posu xišer ton. Tasu gusalpe busatpal; ji gukanel xuxapal buragu dardar, ji lakyun šina šina xigunasape bufetani nur. Susduba rugape sunukun nurugaluk kananan dunanpal, munumaniruy, xusaruy, kasuruy, sut simuruy. Dunanpal bunanpe ji nani šinuna nuces ji jinusnas gunji.

benas      lakyun      šina šina xex-  -afun     noto   sanok, ruga- -sape     kanan--ani ji      jinus-pal
prn.1s.gen grandfather far  far  cop.3s-cvb.impf person young, aux.3s-pst.impf travel-vn  def.art world-loc
"When my great-great-grandfather was a young man, he travelled out into the world."

tape gusal-  -pe      kanar-pal; xe     posu dasag ton
first go.(3s)-pst.pfv west--loc; cop.3s only sand  dem.loc.dist
"First he went west; there was only sand there."

tasu gusal- -pe      yajiy-pal; xe     posu xišer ton
then go.(3s)-pst.pfv west--loc; cop.3s only snow  dem.loc.dist
"Then he went north; there was only snow there."

tasu gusal- -pe      busat-pal; ji      gu-kanel    xux-  -apal    bura-gu dardar, ji      lakyun      šina šina xi-guna-   -sape     bufet-ani nur
then go.(3s)-pst.pfv west--loc; art.def pl-mountain cop.3p-cvb.csl high-II too,    art.def grandfather far  far  neg-aux_3.3s-pst.impf climb-vn  prn.3p.acc
"Then he went east; there the mountains were too high and great-great-grandfather couldn't climb them."

sus-duba ruga-   -pe      sunuk--un   nu- -ruga--luk     kanan--an   dunan-pal, munum-ani-ruy, xusa--ruy, kasu-ruy, sut simu-ruy
adv-last aux_1.3s-pst.pfv decide-ptcp subj-aux_1-fut.pfv travel-ptcp south-loc, walk--vn--ins, horse-ins, cart-ins, and boat-ins
"At last he decided to travel south, on foot, on horseback, by cart and by boat."

dunan-pal bunan-  -pe      ji      nani šinu-na nuces ji      jinus-nas gunji
south-loc see.(3s)-pst.pfv art.def city big--I  many  art.def world-gen all
"In the south he saw the largest city in all the world."

When my great-great-grandfather was a young man, he travelled out into the world. First he went west; there was only sand there. Then he went north; there was only snow there. Then he went east; there the mountains were too high and great-great-grandfather couldn't climb them. At last he decided to travel south, on foot, on horseback, by cart and by boat. In the south he saw the largest city in all the world.