CALS_βConlang Atlas of Language Structures

sá'

it's-granted

As you wish.

n'vy sash'm je, sä'

not-touch-it forbidden-you-by-me my-self-body, forbidden-said ( = it is forbidden)

Don't touch me there!

s'la lamvyllan vyjikalya

where happens-to-be drinking-around-in-good-company kind-of-food-vending-establishment

Where is the bar?

s'la vjyà

where happens-to-be ocean

Where is the beach?

s'la tÿea

where happens-to-be room

Where is my room?

tjhe-^sùr

Certainly.

'jhë...

Yes?

!tuc nat mi dher

Don't touch me there!

bai

bye $

wrkign klaes sitiz'nz uv dh' wrld, !iounait

Proletariat of the world, unite!

ai kaen iit glaes .it harmz mi nat

I can eat glass, it does not hurt me.

ai think, dherfor ai egz'st

I think, therefore I am

uasc nat dh' bat'lz in dh' disc-uasc'r

Don't wash the bottle in the dishwasher

Yag ali tirrib kosu ál avudazanfu ál avurusfu jiki. Yag dusta, alńisi un smurrantantus, icikrutin igra prilas alńirigi Śínari búro, yag skir iśńafustun tuf jazro Yag tús cek vupro, “Gures, yugrulnitrás davésu, tús śussátás śatit.” Yag yugrulnitrás acívidz kan jikru, tús aśtirrifas kevilas keldástus. Yag vupro, “Gures, ińífitin davésu, agulmozanfu puf altúti alńijaśi nelt śer śat; yag si itivisti pruxú dasávesu, altútiyi in altirriftas yusmurrasmispís simis nit nuk. Yag Arlaj alńifitifu algulmozifu kís dátisen alumatis yuzízizín śatí vazátanis sul śit. Yag Arlaj kife “Do, altus kosís ál arusi śáti altus kosís ál avudazan kátifu; yag kut alíxisti mixátsisen si śal; yag put ilgátanisen put zosta mikti śat nit nu.” “Do, śimisu almavixtin alvubdas tuf pukvésufu, si sit kreppís dátisen mixát nit nuk.” Arlaj tús aljiri kosi altirriftas in drise nu, yag sit alńifiti tuf dátanisen zosro. Nuk Bébel núvazi sul damísti is, Arlaj almavixtin aluvubdín kosín skir puxefu Arlaj tús altútiyin altirriftas tu skire drisefu grak.

And all the earth had one language and one tongue. And it came about that in their wandering from the east, they came to a stretch of flat country in the land of Shinar, and there they made their living-place. And they said one to another, Come, let us make bricks, burning them well. And they had bricks for stone, putting them together with sticky earth. And they said, Come, let us make a town, and a tower whose top will go up as high as heaven; and let us make a great name for ourselves, so that we may not be wanderers over the face of the earth. And the Lord came down to see the town and the tower which the children of men were building. And the Lord said, See, they are all one people and have all one language; and this is only the start of what they may do: and now it will not be possible to keep them from any purpose of theirs. Come, let us go down and take away the sense of their language, so that they will not be able to make themselves clear to one another. So the Lord God sent them away into every part of the earth: and they gave up building their town. So it was named Babel, because there the Lord took away the sense of all languages and from there the Lord sent them away over all the face of the earth.

vale

bye $

Yenna Nia Honna!

Yenna Nia Honna!
Year  New Happy!

Happy New Year!

1. Il ten mertha feffa mina kertha fi shenda, il mina spekka fi shenda.

1. Il  ten mertha feffa mina kertha   fi shenda, il  mina spekka fi shenda.
1. And the world  whole one  language of was,    and one  speech of was.

1. And the whole earth was of one language, and of one speech.

Sinten en, franta shen

Sinten en, franta    shen
think  I,  therefore am I

I think, therefore I am

Siiksa.

Very well.

Síulonðen volasur laveksa ar enjaksa arvomehten rekkamehinnenkaan. Ejamaan hennat tarenna a siíasenumessa siide vulde kartu hedes þattuden nalmesta.

All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood.

Muenoe.

No problem.

Suattarve!

We're on it.

Ennahie!

Move out!

Halliterrivarro vollon, uoksa!

Proletariat of the world, unite!

Åþarra lirúiva!

Happy New Year!

Eldin ervevaini eira þit Karl u-Jake-n.

The boys whom I saw yesterday were Karl and Jake

Pubi vasse?

Where is the bar?

Sehin vasse?

Where is the beach?

Hovatto?

What do you need?

Sangusu vilenna ussu eveiúo eon en roita taileksa.

Let him be pitied, who thinks there is only one way to make a language.

Vieleseksa.

As you wish.

Louta uni.

Certainly.

Åvenmentanna ando volur rakkeahuoden.

Colorless green ideas sleep furiously.

To?

Yes?

Åvasen siivaase!

Don't touch me there!

Ruosnurtusses kíenavellamesensevi, kennen ðen.

You are in a maze of twisty little passages, all alike.

Juolla lenna!

Merry Christmas!

Víelmi vasse?

Where is my room?

Lenna volavaisúo.

Happy birthday!

Paan öse lintea. Tiirohen.

I can eat glass, it does not hurt me.

Tiutourikielenkielmi mennuisse, ríesie vollohon. Ënsi, vensittahie; þie eestave sjesoa. Líen ryysyttahie; þie eestave hallaa. Líen rekattahie; þie uveli keiraluohit urvunna tiutourikielenkielen. Alaksa avirie sjyttama, pahanna, henovenna, tuukinenna, luronnakaan. Sjyes, ervie tiel tuovis vollon.

When my great-great-grandfather was a young man, he travelled out into the world. First he went west; there was only sand there. Then he went north; there was only snow there. Then he went east; there the mountains were too high and great-great-grandfather couldn't climb them. At last he decided to travel south, on foot, on horseback, by cart and by boat. In the south he saw the largest city in all the world.

Kuloita urdonnossa tailin. Þattude tailla!

kuloita-0 urdo-nnos-sa tail-in þattu-de- tail-la
fight-IMPER extinguish-PROC-PART.SG language-GEN.PL mind-ELAT.SG language-PART.SG

Fight linguistic extinction. Invent a language!

Eiraden, arjinden, a maaruderen, ar uni ei ermi volasuma tusteksa. En i-ruhosuole nurtavai aldeti ðenurin a eja lonnueisinna rondasaurinnet, i-ðo ðuoren, ar ruho... Loutaerve, herraa id-hållolan tiere hendeiþ vennuen. Ha ei ma ar ma en ha!

I am yesterday, today and tomorrow, and I have the power to be born a second time. I am the divine hidden soul who created the Gods and gives sepulchral meals to the denizens of the deep, the place of the dead, and heaven... Hail, lord of the shrine that stands in the centre of the earth. He is I and I am he!

Ortemminna $

bye $

Åvenoulur ando volur rakkeahuonna.

Colorless green dreams sleep furiously.

Reiven suavaa en.

I think, therefore I am

Åva mahe ir-olvea mahinenna.

Don't wash the bottle in the dishwasher

Hàkozoe niõsóhíua ne kkémonò niõ Kàroro ha Zèki.

Hàkozoe   niõ-     só- hí-ua      ne  kkémo-nò niõ      Kàroro ha  Zèki.
yesterday 3pl.ANIM-see-1- PST.PFV REL boy-  PL 3pl.ANIM Karl   and Jake

The boys whom I saw yesterday were Karl and Jake

Śeriti!

Move out!

Skítmístin mívaste.

Consider it done.

Ilgési.

We're on it.

Vupsástú si puti?

Your orders?

Dobri śer.

Very well.

Vyä syer pheŋ ti lu syer ṫroħ.

Vyä     syer pheŋ   ti lu  syer ṫroħ.
NEG.IMP wash bottle in NOM wash plate.

Don't wash the bottle in the dishwasher

Ne tha bou ghrii, de ʔa muk ne.

Ne tha     bou ghrii, de   ʔa  muk  ne.
1  be.able eat glass, that NEG hurt 1.

I can eat glass, it does not hurt me.

Haŋ leit tves ŕiid meun ŕhaʔ.

Haŋ leit  tves  ŕiid  meun  ŕhaʔ.
NEG color green dream sleep furious

Colorless green dreams sleep furiously.

Pilt al nítatrunu is aniri vuźi, ńisippin in rresse. Pral alńilb in it; skir isárat dusi śal. Nu alńulk in it; skir asnap dusi śal. Nu alńis in it; skir yutriptis dusi, neltus śer isil, nítatru tilpátiś mixe nit. Ciś alńik in asta mílveze, gissátiś, vekátiś, śalvekátiś, nuvekátiś. Alńiki in alńifitin baśetan alńisippas vaze.

When my great-great-grandfather was a young man, he travelled out into the world. First he went west; there was only sand there. Then he went north; there was only snow there. Then he went east; there the mountains were too high and great-great-grandfather couldn't climb them. At last he decided to travel south, on foot, on horseback, by cart and by boat. In the south he saw the largest city in all the world.

Mi ilgásirru vufuste.

Tell me what to do.

Negu sib ixurusti, acruzi, ikralti Yag albirlijin nifijávissáts kin Negu sib almízizi dafsi pus altus arlájis dase yag altus apuzmizás griss yutisús krévíss dusi, alkultas altuf mirustín, alńijaśasfu. Dol, pizmizesú alńizafsa put almidzi altirriftas in vikifta. Tiś si mit yaɡ gu sib tusmu!

I am yesterday, today and tomorrow, and I have the power to be born a second time. I am the divine hidden soul who created the Gods and gives sepulchral meals to the denizens of the deep, the place of the dead, and heaven... Hail, lord of the shrine that stands in the centre of the earth. He is I and I am he!

Ali káta akalis Kalta Nisti alsáratú in Kalta Almízinu si curi ki Altus kaltis vikirréta Dazi taraktufis in Altus kaltis vikirréta Kruzínu tukta Altépt akalis buzze Itépti vaf altas triptifis in Altépt akalis buzze Almízinu résta

The Rain Song It is raining in the night in the desert It is raining My soul is peaceful. The raindrops are falling in the daytime on the leaves The raindrops are falling My heart lifts. The time of rain has come For a time in the mountains The time of rain has come My soul rejoices.

Isarati idátaŋu mixu; mi nacata nit.

I can eat glass, it does not hurt me.

Ixrénšt nit pa darin y šjesin klójki høžalen.

Ixré- n- št  nit  pa  dar-  i-n  y   šjes- i-n       klój-   ki  høž-  a-   len.
color-PL-GEN with NEG green-F-PL REL dream-F.INTR-PL furious-ADV sleep-IPFV-3pl

Colorless green dreams sleep furiously.

Vilsi kávrret.

As you wish.

Alunerufe xurusti kin vade Káralifu Jēkifu śáti.

The boys whom I saw yesterday were Karl and Jake

Ki ajímizdazi resezi.

Happy birthday!

Mítrus kirus ceprufus parakriji ki navvēt.

Colorless green ideas sleep furiously.

Almilmisi vubdazīn cek saśte! Avubdazan daste!

Fight linguistic extinction. Invent a language!

Mizo, sib gret.

I think, therefore I am

Syá sádoniõzè mekkenò rua-niõtlįi.

Syá   sá-do-  niõ- zè  mekke-nò rua-     niõ-  tlį-  i.
color 3- have-3PL -NEG dream-PL be.angry-3PL.A-sleep-PRES.IMPFV

Colorless green dreams sleep furiously.

peddawar um ign tseatle

touch-imperative-not you me locus-this

Don't touch me there!

sommaw sen toggrrdzommen

unity-imperative oh work(er)-of-world-the

Proletariat of the world, unite!

dlannew .azo sezzay ign

think-posit (new-sentence-same-topic)-therefor exist-realis I

I think, therefore I am

dzennay sew ign hlesson .a draqqayar tlaen ign

eat-realis habitually I glass-generic new-sentence-same-topic harms-realis-not topic-the me

I can eat glass, it does not hurt me.

sen

bye $

Hàkozoe zécí ha tózoe ha ssérehí, Nà āttáǧe síneìsĩ bàri sádohí. Hí cēnuno tamibano ttlágé ne cēmīnò niõgèzinoua, Nà ne iyǫsoa ha qèmemĩnòsĩ bàsoa ha cēsoa ha cuómĩnòge Qábesĩ ciáguonò ssékkanoó... Rùtanò, dosisoa ne táro zōnonà caono ánne. No hí nà hí no!

I am yesterday, today and tomorrow, and I have the power to be born a second time. I am the divine hidden soul who created the Gods and gives sepulchral meals to the denizens of the deep, the place of the dead, and heaven... Hail, lord of the shrine that stands in the centre of the earth. He is I and I am he!

• Enigmo • le-vida to baile! • to ne ma duco. • to bi-usa justa selfo mo voco no muzikazo, • i to nee ge-studia on bailoglaffo. • de to omlo bi-vade a selfo kelo loko. • velse, to bailo da de bailo toto pii grasioso i pii armonioso no. • pii ajle kan to no bailo neke. • koz to bi-rrote i bi-sinuate, • de to toto palesca ma uno samo mento. • to palesce da pii facle faza to no oplo. • ci bi-faca pii magno berro usa men mutco folso no bailo neke? • velse, to ne bi-ande uno passo!

 enigm-o
enigma-NOM

 le-vid-a    to   bail-e
JUS-see-DIV PROX dance-MON
 to  ne     ma     duc-o
PROX NEG have.DIV lead-NOM
 to   bi-usa      just-a   self-o   mo    voc-o   no  muzik-az-o
PROX HAB-use-DIV exact-DIV  RFX-NOM GEN voice-NOM RSM music-INV-NOM
 i   to   nee     ge-studi-a   on    bail-o-glaff-o
and PROX NEG.EMP RET-study-DIV IMP dance-LNK-write-NOM
de   to   oml-o    bi-vad-e     a    self-o    kel-o     lok-o
PAR PROX each-NOM HAB-go-MON LOC.DIV  RFX-NOM seek-NOM place-NOM
  vels-e
oppose-MON
 to   bail-o   da de   bail-o   tot-o    pii  grasios-o    i   pii   armonios-o   no
PROX dance-NOM ID PAR dance-NOM all-NOM more graceful-NOM and more harmonious-NOM RSM
pii    ajl-e   kan   to  no   bail-o       nek-e
more agile-MON than PROX RSM dance-NOM nowhere-MON
  koz    to   bi-rrot-e      i   bi-sinuat-e
because PROX HAB-rotate-MON and HAB-sinuate-MON
de   to  tot-o   palesc-a      ma     un-o    sam-o   ment-o
PAR PROX all-NOM   seem-DIV have.DIV "1"-NOM same-NOM mind-NOM
 to  palesc-e   da  pii facl-e   faz-a    to  no   opl-o
PROX   seem-MON ID more easy-MON  by-DIV PROX RSM work-NOM
ci   bi-fac-a     pii  magn-o     berr-o
INT HAB-make-DIV more great-NOM beauty-NOM
 us-a    men mutc-o    fols-o   no   bail-o       nek-e
use-DIV less much-NOM force-NOM RSM dance-NOM nowhere-MON
  vels-e
oppose-MON
 to  ne   bi-and-e     un-o   pass-o
PROX NEG HAB-walk-MON "1"-NOM step-NOM

A Riddle See them dance. The have no leader. They have no music but their own voices, nor have they studied any choreography. Each goes where he will. But their dance is the most graceful, the most harmonious of all dances. There are no dancers more lithe than they are. They turn and weave so that they seem to have a single mind. This seems the least difficult work for them. Do any dancers make greater beauty with less effort? But they take not a single step.

Ijo dens, hagaan thaas gruezon Ijo bui.

I think, therefore I am

A hava ei ie tiataká tou; ae itule i'i oku.

I can eat glass, it does not hurt me.

Kau pataki pou mata'u ti'i kipe iu Kala oi Tieke.

The boys whom I saw yesterday were Karl and Jake

Ea?

yes?

Yes?

Ai fule uku ti ia ai?

Q. lack stuff ins. 2sg. Q.?

What do you need?

"E Leya Oala" Kipe ka olomo ei ale ava a, kepe he'a ti leya pokae oala tou. Ke nu'e ie leya oala ke hekala ti, "He! Ai ia i leya oala ai?" Kae hekala leya oala ti, "Ea: ei i leya oala." Ka ulaya ei ie leya oala ti, "Ai oku hekalale ia i'i ae ale pokane o ia le koku ai?" Kae hekalaka leya oala ti, "Ale ei i leya oala takepalaki." Ka tovukale oalala tileya oala i'i, kaepe lalau ei i amo aeiu aila poiu. Oku ke mata ie leya oala okuka.

"The Talking Rock" Yesterday I was walking along the beach when I tripped over a rock that could talk. I picked up the talking rock and said, "Hey! Are you a talking rock?" The talking rock said, "Yes, I am a talking rock." I asked the talking rock, "Why didn't you tell me to avoid you?" The talking rock replied, "Because I'm a mean talking rock." The talking rock's words made me angry, so I threw it into the ocean. I never saw the talking rock again.

Tiku ie avame, U'upi i aila poiu. A fulele ei e U'upi i aila poiu. Uila oloko o'i, U'upi i aila poiu. Mata i eneta li eine, U'upi i aila poiu.

Standing on the island's shore, Drifting off to sea. I wish that I could be, Drifting off to sea. All of my hopes and dreams, Drifting off to sea. I watch my lover's boat, Drifting off to sea.

Oku kopu ia i'i pe oku!

neg. touch 2sg. obj.-1sg. there neg.!

Don't touch me there!

Ai fekuite i ala ai?

Q. bar obj. place Q.?

Where is the bar?

Ai ava i ala ai?

Q. beach obj. place Q.?

Where is the beach?

Ai ipale li'i i ala ai?

Q. room gen.-1sg. obj. place Q.?

Where is my room?

A poteka i fiwialeke kalaka! E he'ele i kalaka!

new.sbj. fight obj. extinction language! same.sbj. create obj. language!

Fight linguistic extinction. Invent a language!

Ie nikula, he $!

obj.-def. health, voc. (NAME)!

bye $

A omo ei, epe hala'i.

new.sbj. think 1sg., same.sbj.-so live.

I think, therefore I am

Ka peka i ape kalaka oi oalala poi. Kau imawawakaiu upea a ie ku neva'a i ava ae peka Tinala pe, ku hepale ae pe. Ku hekala i ika ti, "He'ea, he lama ue i kanivi u kava i uamo." Kae kanivi i leya ka iele i i'iele poupea. Ku hekala poiu ti, "He paki ue i paleumi oi penute i ue a kopu ono o penute iu kawi, au atau ue, heoku u kawakawa'u heva e ave o peka". Ka kau Takepolilao ele mata ie paleumi oie penute kau paki mali tiemi i. Ke hekala poiu ti, "He! Ape peka, a ape kalaka i upea uila, au hepaka upea i iko. Oku li'u eleumi au takepo'u upea i hoa liwi'u upea a. "Ima! He kau ei e mimile ie kalaka o upea pe, aupe kala upea ioku ika." Ke kawkawa Takepolilao i upeape heva e ave o peka, kau pu'uke upea ie paleumi. Ape tomi'u amo ti "Imimile", ale mimile Takepolilao ie kalaka o inotu uila pe, e kawakawa i upeape heva e ave o peka.

And all the earth had one language and one tongue. And it came about that in their wandering from the east, they came to a stretch of flat country in the land of Shinar, and there they made their living-place. And they said one to another, Come, let us make bricks, burning them well. And they had bricks for stone, putting them together with sticky earth. And they said, Come, let us make a town, and a tower whose top will go up as high as heaven; and let us make a great name for ourselves, so that we may not be wanderers over the face of the earth. And the Lord came down to see the town and the tower which the children of men were building. And the Lord said, See, they are all one people and have all one language; and this is only the start of what they may do: and now it will not be possible to keep them from any purpose of theirs. Come, let us go down and take away the sense of their language, so that they will not be able to make themselves clear to one another. So the Lord God sent them away into every part of the earth: and they gave up building their town. So it was named Babel, because there the Lord took away the sense of all languages and from there the Lord sent them away over all the face of the earth.

Govo Petro * deyere me fi-ande a plajo. * meo podo kontra petro i me kade. * voco dice "ai me dole!" * me plenda eto petro i dice * "ave petri, ci te pota gova?" * to petro dice * "soo, me petre i bi-gove. * me eska to petro * "koza ke te ne dica me, me deba kava te?" * to dice "koz me kattive." * koz to ge-dico fa-ila me, * me jakta to ina oceano. * me ne ge-vida elo petro poste.

"The Talking Rock" Yesterday I was walking along the beach when I tripped over a rock that could talk. I picked up the talking rock and said, "Hey! Are you a talking rock?" The talking rock said, "Yes, I am a talking rock." I asked the talking rock, "Why didn't you tell me to avoid you?" The talking rock replied, "Because I'm a mean talking rock." The talking rock's words made me angry, so I threw it into the ocean. I never saw the talking rock again.

a terro no i ma okto foyo no planti, le opla sama uno!

Proletariat of the world, unite!

Exiri a ase aisroika a sarire iz ioa a nothe tia ioa raei okei.

You are in a maze of twisty little passages, all alike.

Puedo comer vidrio, no me duele.

Pued-o        come-r   vidrio, no  me    duel-e.
be.able-1.PRS eat -INF glass,  NEG 1.OBJ hurt-3.PRS

I can eat glass, it does not hurt me.

Que tengan lástima de él que piensa que hay sólo una manera de hacer un idioma.

Que  teng-     an      lástima de él que piens-a     que  hay      sólo un- a manera de hace-r   un     idioma.
that have.SBJV-3PL.PRS pity    of 3  who think-3.PRS that there.is only one-F way    of make-INF INDF.M language.

Let him be pitied, who thinks there is only one way to make a language.

¡No me tocas allí!

¡No me    toc-  as    allí!
NEG 1.ACC touch-2.PRS there

Don't touch me there!

¿Dónde está la playa?

¿Dónde est-      á l-a   playa?
where  be.at-3.PRS DEF-F beach?

Where is the beach?

¿Dónde está mi cuarto?

¿Dónde est-á       mi cuarto?
where  be.at-3.PRS my room

Where is my room?

Los niños quienes vi ayer fueron Carlos y Jacob.

L-  o-s  niño-s  quien-es v-           i ayer      fueron       Carlos y   Jacob.
DEF-M-PL boy -PL whom -PL see-1.PST.PFV yesterday be.PST.PFV.PL Carl   and Jake.

The boys whom I saw yesterday were Karl and Jake

¡Feliz año nuevo!

Happy New Year!

Pienso, luego existo.

I think, therefore I am